| 摘要: | 人與環境空間有著相互依存的關係，在人類的各種感官中視覺最為重要，人們從外界接收的訊息中，有87％是透過眼睛捕獲的，並且75~90％的人體活動是由視覺引起的（楊公俠，2005）。但，在現在通訊科技迅速進展滿足了使用者可於任何環境空間中即時接收新資訊的時代，在路上與捷運上隨處可見人們熟練的一邊走路、搭車，邊使用行動裝置處理事務。所以，當人們行徑於都市環境中，視覺轉向為智慧型手機螢幕後，除影響行走速度，大腦在沒有收集足夠關於週遭環境的訊息，可能導致對環境的錯誤認知及減少認同感，引發行進錯誤或記憶干擾。依據前述，本研究以中國文化大學學生的通學環境為研究範圍，欲了解使用者對環境空間認知是否會受到智慧型手機的影響而有差異。
主要研究結果如下：
1. 使用者屬性與空間元素認知之關係方面，在空間元素認知上，所有使用者不同屬性與認知地圖空間元素交互分析，得知結果均對於環境空間中
「通道」及「地標」空間元素認知較深刻。
2. 樣本屬性與認知地圖空間屬性關係方面探討，在持有智慧型手機使用者中，女性使用者對於「節點」元素認知高於男性使用者；而在未持有智
慧型手機使用者中，對於空間元素認知則不受性別差異的影響。
3. 使用者對於空間熟悉度與認知地圖空間屬性關係方面探討結果，在持有智慧型手機使用者中，專業背景不同不影響使用者對於空間元素的認
知，而年級屬性方面，結果得知非一般理解年級越高對於環境熟悉度越佳，於認知地圖上對於空間元素認知能力越佳；而在未持有智慧型手機
使用者中，則專業背景為空間相關科系與四年級之學生，對於環境空間元素認知能力較佳。
Humans and their environment are inseparable. Sight is the most important sense when receiving information. According to a scientific study, 87% of all information is received visually. Moreover, this study also indicates that 75-90% of a human’s body movements are in response to visual stimulus (Gung-Shia Yang ，2005). Ever since the invention of the smartphone, humans have become more visually focused on their phone instead of their physical surroundings. When people are looking at their phone, their brains cannot gather enough information about the physical environment. This situation causes people to walk slower, have inaccurate spatial cognition, and decreases spatial understanding. Moreover, it can cause people to lose their sense of direction and eventually lead to memory problems. Because of this modern phenomenon, I decided to do research on how the smartphone affects people’s spatial cognition and a case study of urban environment cognitive of chinese culture university students.
The main research results are as follows:
1. Regarding the aspects of applicants' characteristics and cognition of spatial elements, after an alternating analysis of all applicants'
distinctive characteristics and spatial elements of the cognitive map, relatively profound results have been derived in the field of spatial
cognition elements for spatial cognition of the "path" and "landscape" of the environmental space.
2. Investigating the relations of sample characteristics and cognitive map spatial characteristics, in the group of subjects owning
smartphones, female users' cognition of "node" elements was higher than the male; in the group of subjects not owning smartphones,
no influence of gender difference in the cognition of spatial elements was found.
3. The exploration of the relations between the subjects' acquaintance level with space and cognitive map spatial characteristics found
that in the group of smartphone users, different background of expertise does not influence the subjects' cognition of spatial elements.
Regarding age group characteristics, in the group of non-average understanding, it was found that acquaintance with the environment
ascends with age, and also the abilities of spatial elements cognition in the field of the cognitive map. In the group of non-smartphone
users, cognition abilities towards spatial elements of the environment were stronger among those of professional background from
spatial research departments and students of the fourth grade. |
