| 摘要: | 本文以俄語教學的角度針對俄羅斯相關飲食的各類型俄語詞彙做蒐集、匯整、分類以及解說、分析或溯源等各項工作。牽涉到飲食的範疇非常廣泛，分類的對象也相當繁多，其中包括有食材－蔬菜、水果、穀物、乳製品、肉類、海產、調料等；菜餚－俄羅斯傳統菜餚、日常生活菜餚、當今流行於俄羅斯的外來飲食；飲料－俄羅斯傳統飲料、果汁、咖啡、茶飲、酒類等；麵粉製品－麵包、麵食、糕餅等；食物的烹調方式－煎、煮、炒、炸、燻、烤等；口感與味道－酸、甜、苦、辣、香、臭等；和食物相關的人物－美食家、廚師、老饕等；販售食物的場所－食品雜貨店、市場、超市、餐廳、咖啡館、啤酒屋等；在不同節慶中所必備的食物－新年必備Оливье沙拉、謝肉節必備布林餅等。籍由詞彙的分類整理可以幫助學生到了俄國之後能夠順利在市場採買或餐廳點餐，好好打理自己的日常飲食，而藉由食物名稱的介紹、外觀的勾勒、烹調方式或是食物語彙來源的說明，讓大家對俄國人吃的東西有所概念。期望學習俄語的學生運用文中所提供之相關飲食的詞彙與相關飲食的知識在俄羅斯解決飲食方面的問題。
This article is based on the perspective of Russian teaching techniques, targeting different types of Russian foods and cuisines, to research, categorize, analyze, and finding origin of related vocabularies. The range of Russian foods and cuisines is very broad. They can be divided to many categories. Ingredients: vegetables, fruits, grains, dairy products, meat, seafood, spices, and etc. Cuisines: traditional Russian cuisines, common daily cuisines, popular foreign cuisines in Russia. Drinks: traditional Russian drinks, juices, coffee, tea, wine, and etc. Bakery and pasta: bread, pasta, cake, and etc. Cooking methods: saute, boil, deep fry, smoke, roast, and etc. Taste: sour, sweet, bitter, spicy, delicious, smelly, and etc. People who related to food: chefs, food tasters, and etc. Places that sell food: grocery stores, markets, supermarkets, restaurants, cafes, bars, and etc. Festival foods: Olivier salad, blini pancakes, and etc. Through categorization of Russian food and cuisine, student can easily shop for foods in the markets, order dishes in the restaurants, or manage one's daily meals once they arrive in Russia. Through the descriptions of Russian foods and cuisines, the appearance of food, cooking methods, and the origin of Russian foods, one can gain concept of Russian foods. Hope this article can help students to learn about Russian foods and cuisines. |
