| 摘要: | 《圍城》，是錢鍾書唯一的一部長篇小說，他以幽默、諷刺的筆調表現了一個知識份子在事業、婚姻、生活中四處碰壁的經歷，呈現了錢鍾書身為學者兼作家獨特的人生思考和社會觀察。這部創作在上個世紀40年代一問世就備受矚目，隨後因政治因素沉寂多年後，在海外因夏志清的推薦再次引起注意，並在20世紀80年代在中國大陸引起一股「錢學」及研究《圍城》的熱潮。
《圍城》是以留學生方鴻漸及圍繞在他身邊的一群知識分子為主要描述對象，所描寫的點主要有兩個（上海及三閭大學所在的湖南平城），以及方鴻漸奔波往返兩個點之間所涉及的人物、地域、城市生活圖像。本論文即以人與人――方鴻漸的孤島處境與孤絕的心理情態，所塑造出來的孤島意象；人與城市――方鴻漸生命旅程中所涉及的城市生活場域及寄寓其中的城市資本主義、商業文化及殖民文化做剖析及探討。
錢鍾書對人生境遇的揭示與話語空間的呈現，有別於30、40年代新感覺派「力與熱的慾望之流」與張愛玲「亂世的虛幻與蒼涼」書寫，另開出極其冷凝而諷刺的智性書寫。之後，上海城市書寫在王安憶、衛慧、白先勇、鍾文音等人奮力接續書寫，在一脈相承或變異的上海書寫系統中，錢鍾書呈現了更多元的城市(上海)面相與人生洞察的開展，可視為錢鍾書《圍城》在上海城市系列書寫的價值及定位所在。
Fortress Besieged is the only novel of Qian Zhong-Shu's works. Qian wrote what an intellectual had been through, struggling in his career, and life, in a humorous and ironical tone. This novel reflects Qian’s unique thinking toward life and observation of society as a scholar and a writer. Fortress Besieged made Qian in the limelight as soon as it published in the 1940s. However, Qian went into hiatus in the following years due to the political turmoil during that period. It was not until Xia Zhi-Qing recommended Qian’s works did he attract the attention of the literary world again, bringing the trend to study Fortress Besieged.
Fortress Besieged talks about a student, Fang Hong-Jian and the intellectuals around him, and focuses on describing the people, places and the life in two cities, Shanghai and Ping Cheng in Hunan, which Fang traveled in between. This essay makes in-depth studies in two parts: one, Fang to the people--- The lone island imagery molded by Fang’s isolation and lonely mindset; The other, Fang to the cities, Fang’s experiences in the cities and his implications of capitalism, business cultures and colonialism.
Qian’s portraying about life experience and his writing style differs from the School of Subjectivity (Xin Gan Jue), which was a trend in the 1930s and 1940s, and Zhang Ai-Ling’s works at that time, creating an extremely calm and ironical writing style. Afterward, many writers like Wang An-Yi, Wei Hui, Bai Xian-Yong, and Zhong Wen-Yin started writing about Shanghai with writings in Qian’s style and others. Among these writers, Qian presented more aspects about the city (Shanghai) and the insights of life, making Fortress Besieged a very important artwork and a benchmark in the series of portrayals of Shanghai city. |
