| 摘要: | Kevin Lynch於1960年所撰寫的都市意象一書，奠定了後續關於都市意象研究的基礎。Lynch分析人對環境的認知，以繪圖法歸納出建構都市意象的五元素，即通道(path)、地區(districts)、地標(landmark)、節點(nodes)與邊緣(edge)。以往探討都市意象時，多以其理論為基礎，但理論中的五元素皆為實體面，缺乏文化、歷史與活動可能對都市意象造成的影響，尤其在1980年代後加入全球化因子，都市實體面越來越相似，形成同質性高的城市，台北市在此影響下，原有風貌已被一棟棟仿西方辦公大樓與無辨識性的集合式住宅取代，「地方特色」逐漸薄弱，如何重建都市意象，是現今都市設計的重要環節。
本研究理論包括都市意象、環境元素、全球化影響與地方認同理論。都市意象是一個都市的表情，「意象」是將人們對都市的片斷印象進行整合。地方認同是自我對某特定地方的感受、情感、與信念，其建構的過程涵蓋個人經驗、記憶、情感與意念，亦受到社會文化與自然生態環境的影響。都市發展隨著時間、文化與產業的改變，影響都市意象的元素愈發多元。
本文用Kevin Lynch所提出之五元素為基礎，首先由文獻回顧，探討都市意象、環境元素、全球化與地方認同相關理論，透過分析與整理，建構理論基礎。接著經問卷調查與半結構式訪談歸納影響台北市都市意象元素，實證研究結論與建議。本研究成果找出環境元素對都市意象之必要性，並分析問卷調查與半結構式訪談結果，建構台北市都市意象，進而提出台北市都市意象之構成元素為活動、文化、產業、建築與景觀。
The book 〝The Image of the cit〞 written by Kevin Lynch in 1960 laid the foundation for subsequent researches on urban imagery. Lynch analyzed people’s environmental awareness and summarized the five elements of urban imagery construct through cartography, namely, path, district, landmark, node, and edge. In the past, discussions on urban imagery were generally theory-based, but the five elements in theory were all from the physical aspect, lacking the possible impact of cultures, history, and events on urban imagery. In particular, the globalization factor incorporated after the 1980s has made urban entities more and more similar, forming cities with high homogeneity. Under such influence, Taipei City’s original face has been changed, replaced by office buildings imitating the west and unidentifiable compound residential houses, thus gradually leading to diminished the “local characteristics”. Therefore, how to rebuild the urban imagery remains an important part of urban design today.
The theories in this study include urban imagery, environmental elements, effects of globalization, and local identity related theories Urban imagery is an urban expression, “imagery” integrates people’s fragmented impressions of the city; local identity refers to one’s feelings, emotions, and beliefs towards a specific place. The construct process covers personal experiences, memories, emotions, and ideas, which are all affected by the sociocultural and natural ecological environment. Urban development changes with time, culture, and industry, while factors affecting urban imagery have become increasingly diverse.
With the five elements proposed by Kevin Lynch as the bases and through a literature review, the urban imagery, environmental elements, globalization, and local identity related theories were explored. After analysis and compilation, the theoretical basis was constructed. The elements contributing to Taipei City’s urban imagery were summarized through the questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews, and empirical studies were conducted to derive at conclusions and recommendations. The necessity of the environmental factors as far as urban imagery is concerned was determined based on the research results. Additionally, the questionnaire survey and semi-structured interview results were analyzed to construct Taipei City’s urban imagery, thereby proposing the constituents of Taipei’s urban imagery, namely, events, cultures, industries, buildings, and landscape. |
