| 摘要: | 台灣地狹人稠，人口出生率卻年年下降。根據內政部統計，2009年我國新生兒總數為19萬1310人，比2008年減少 7423人，而台灣婦女總生育率亦降至1人，比日本的1.4人還低，台灣已經成為全世界生育率最低的國家之一；而2013年9月出生數為15,750人，較上年同月減少3,158人，增加率為-16.70%，可見我國新生兒出生率目前仍在下降中，少子化的問題尚未顯著改善。
本研究方法包含問卷訪談法、實地訪談法、觀察調查法、敘述性統計方法等，利用文獻資料來進行以系統的、可量化的客觀統計分析，以為驗證本研究中的假設與論斷的參考價值。
以臺北市年輕族群的購屋行為為研究對象，研究方式透過少子化現象文獻回顧及透過問卷與訪談調查了解民眾的需求，實地訪談，針對目前存在的問題觀察調查，敘述性統計，以建構理論架構。
本研究結果，有關年輕族群購屋行為的問題在問卷結果顯示，一般民眾未來期望子女數的數目仍維持在1~2人，低於人口置換水準2.1人的水準。而年輕族群面對少子化的影響所致，由於子女少的緣故，生活品質方面有較高的需求(重視室內居住密度，方位、採光、通風、生活機能佳，鄰近公園、綠地等)。房屋格局採二房一廳一衛或三房二廳二衛，部分彈性隔間，內部格局設計符合需求。因為都市少子化較明顯，一般民眾如果經濟狀況許可的話，會選擇居住台北市地區占大多數；在購屋選擇上的影響，房屋總價及未來期望擁有子女的數目對於購置房屋的選擇在購買的過程中是重要考慮因素。
It’s known by all that Taiwan has large population with limited land. However, the birthrate is declining year by year. According to the statistics of Ministry of Interior, the total number of the new-borns was 191,310 in 2009, which reduced by 7,423 compared with that in 2008. And the total fertility rate in Taiwan reduced to 1, lower than 1.4 in Japan, Taiwan has reached the lowest fertility rate in the world. In Sep. 2013, the number of new-borns was 15,750, which reduced by 3,158 compared to the previous year, with the growth rate of -16.70%. It indicates the new-borns in Taiwan is currently declining and the low birth rate has not yet been improved significantly.
The study methods contain questionnaire interview, field interview, observational survey, descriptive statistics, etc. Systematic, quantifiable and objective statistical analysis was conducted through literature review to provide references for the hypotheses and conclusions in the study.
Taking the house purchase behavior of Taipei’s young group as subject, their demands were collected by literature review related to low birth rate and questionnaire interview; theoretical structure was established by field interview, observational survey and descriptive statistics analysis on current existing problems.
According to the findings of the study, the questionnaire survey on house purchase behavior of young group shows that people commonly expect to have 1 or 2 children, which is lower than the birth replacement rate of 2.1. Impacted by the low birth rate, young group have higher demands on living quality (including inner residential density, position, daylighting, ventilation, living functions, parks surrounded, green areas, etc.) as they have fewer children. The house styles of “two bedrooms, one living room and one washroom” and “three bedrooms, two living rooms and two washrooms” with flexible compartments are preferred. As the low birth rate is more general in city, most people tend to live in downtown of Taipei if it’s affordable. As for choosing house, crucial factors affecting house purchase are the total price of house and expected number of children in future. |
