| 摘要: | 本研究旨在編製一份具良好信效度的「準諮商員完美主義量表」，並建立量表常模，以此了解完美主義對準諮商員的諮商學習與自我價值之影響，並作為準諮商員自我檢核、諮商督導與專業訓練的評量工具。本研究以自編的「準諮商員完美主義量表」為研究工具，並以準諮商員與專家諮商員作為研究樣本，其中5位訪談樣本、69位預試樣本、131位正式施測樣本與常模樣本均為準諮商員；56位建構效度樣本為專家諮商員。本研究資料首先建立專家內容效度，並以SPSS統計軟體進行試題分析、內部一致性信度及折半信度考驗；以因素分析、團體差異分析（利用t檢定）考驗建構效度，研究結果如下：
一、準諮商員完美主義量表內容：總量表題目共計68題，分為三個分量表，分別為「自我取向完美主義」23題、「他人取向完美主義」22題、「社會期許完美主義」23題。
二、量表信度考驗：1、內部一致性信度：各分量表的α係數介於.8580至.9309之間、總量表α係數為.9609，顯示本量表具有良好內部一致性信度。2、折半信度：各分量表的r係數介於.8726至.9264之間，總量表r係數為.9164，顯示本量表題目減半後，信度依然良好。
三、量表效度考驗：1、專家內容效度：量表題目經指導教授及3位專家學者，針對題目所屬的定義內涵進行審查，以建立量表內容效度。2、建構效度：本研究利用因素分析考驗各分量表的因素內涵，其結果大致符合原設計構念；另外，本研究以團體差異分析（利用t考驗）考驗專家諮商員與準諮商員在量表得分的差異，結果顯示準諮商員在各分量表與總量表的得分均顯著高於專家諮商員，符合理論所說準諮商員容易受完美主義影響。
四、量表常模建立：本研究分別建立總量表及三個分量表的原始分數與百分等級常模對照表。
最後研究者依據研究結果提出數項建議，提供諮商實務及未來研究兩方面的參考。
This research focuses on constructing a reliable Novice Counselors Perfectionism Scale（NCPS）, and establishung the norm of scale, hence to study the influence of Perfectionism toward Novice Counselors’ counseling learning and their self-value, and to become the standard tool of self-examinations, counseling supervision, and profession training for Novice Counselors.The tool of this study applies the Novice Counselors Perfectionism Scale created by the researchers, the study samples from both Novice Counselors and Expert Counselors: including 5 interview samples, 69 tryout samples, 131 formal and norm samples of Novice Counselors, 56 constructing validity samples of Expert Counselors.
First, this research develops Expert Content Validity, then through SPSS statistical software analyzes items, testing the reliability through Cronbach α coefficient and Split-half coefficient, testing the constructing validity through causal analysis and group-difference (using t-test) analysis. The study results are as follows:
1.Novice Counselors Perfectionism Scale Content: Total of 68 items, divided into 3 subscales: 23 items of “self-oriented perfectionism” questions, 22 items of “other-oriented perfectionism”, 23 items of “socially prescribed perfectionism” .
2.Scale Reliability Test:（1）Cronbach α reliability: α coefficient of .8580 to .9309 for each scale, α coefficient of .9609 for total scale, showing great reliability. （2）Split-half reliability: r coefficient of .8726 to .9264 for each scale, r coefficient of .9164 for total scale, showing great reliability even after reducing the number of questions by half.
3.Scale Validity Test:（1）Expert Content Validity: The questions were examined by 3 expert researchers to ensure the validity of the test.（2）Constructing Validity: This research tests the factor content of each scale by applying causal analysis, results of which correspond with the original concept in creation. Furthermore, this research tests the difference in scoring between expert counselors and novice counselors with group-difference analysis( using t-test), results of which demonstrate that novice counselors scored higher on each scales and total scales than expert counselors did, confirming to the theory that novice counselors are more likely to be influenced by Perfectionism Theory than Expert Counselors are.
4.Constructing the norm of Scale: This study establishes the original scores of total scale and three individual scales with percentile rank.
Finally, according to the results of this research, the researcher gives numerous suggestions, providing consultation for both counseling practice and future study. |
