| 摘要: | 因70年代以後，台灣社會政治大變遷，使民國72年11月11日所訂的「墳墓設置管理條例」，已無法適用社會現況，而有大幅變革之需，本文殯葬政策即聚焦於民國91年6月14日之「殯葬管理條例草案」在行政機關及立法機關之運作過程。
本文之研究架構，係參酌政治系統論及政策過程論建構而成，由主管機關、經營者及使用市場等三者構成殯葬系統，並論及其在政策規劃及合法化過程中之互動關係。
本文研究聚焦於決策過程，決策過程之主要步驟，有四即第四章的議程設置，第五章的方案規劃，第六章的方案分析與選擇及第七章的政策合法化。
本文之研究發現，在90年殯葬政策議題設置上，主要由「官僚菁英」觀點之「內在創始模型」，扮演議程設置的催化劑作用。
其次，殯葬方案之規劃主要議題於「火化場民營化」、「塔位、墓地之預售管制」、「管理費專戶信託之設置」、「既有寺廟附設殯葬設施就地合法」、「主管機關管理機制」等五大方案。並透過SWOT分析即可行性篩選準則來作方案之比較衡量，行政機關之選擇結果最佳之選擇應為：火化場有條件開放民營、塔位及墓地設施啟用後才銷售、管理費全數信託、既有寺廟附設殯葬設施比照建築管理申請合法、應強化市場化之主管機關管理機制〈審議委員會之設立、公營殯葬設施之委外管理、私營殯葬服務業業務評鑑之自主管理〉等，較符公共效果。最後因行政立法考量之折衝，所得之殯葬政策，並未符理想。
Because after 70's, Taiwan society politics big of vicissitude, causes "the grave establishment act of administration" which 1983 on November 11 subscribes, has been unable to be suitable the social present situation, but has needing of the large transformation, this article funeral and burial policy namely focuses to 2002 on June 14 it "the funeral and burial act of administration draft" operation process in the administrative organ and the legislature.
Research overhead construction this article, is deliberates the political system to concern the policy process to discuss constructs the construction to become, by the controlling organization, the operator and uses the market and so on three constitutions funeral and burial system, and discusses and its in the policy plan and the legalization process the interaction relations.
This article studies focuses to the decision-making process, the decision-making process the main step, some four namely fourth chapter of agenda establishment, fifth chapter of plan plan, sixth chapter of plan analysis and choice and seventh chapter of policy legalization.
Research discovery this article, in 90 years funeral and burial policy subject establishment, mainly viewpoint it "intrinsic initiates the model" by "bureaucrat elite", acts the agenda establishment the catalyst function.
Next, plan main subject the funeral and burial plan to "the cremation field privately operated", "the tower position, the tomb sells in advance the control", "establishment the management fee special account trust", "already has the temple to set up as an attachment the funeral and burial facility to be legitimate", "the controlling organization manages the mechanism" and so on five big plans. And penetrates the SWOT analysis is the feasible screening criterion makes comparison weight the plan, choice result best choice the administrative organ should be: After the cremation field has the condition of to open privately operated, the tower position and the tomb facility begins using only then sells, the management fee total trust, already has the temple to set up as an attachment the funeral and burial facility to be legitimate according to the construction management application, should to strengthen the market of controlling organization to manage the mechanism < committee of establishment, outside the public-operated funeral and burial facility consideration committee manages, privately operated funeral and burial service industry service evaluates independent management > and so on, compares the symbol public effect. Finally because booklet of the administrative legislation consideration flushes, the obtained funeral and burial policy, the symbol is by no means ideal. |
