都市化是人類文明無法避免的腳步，而在此過程中形成的都市環境特徵為都市高溫化、全球溫暖化，形成「都市熱島」效應，導致居住條件日益惡劣，其所反應出的微氣候改變，影響生活環境舒適度。都市熱島氣溫變化受自然氣候與人造環境所影響，天氣變化非為人所能控制，但塑造都市發展卻受人為管控;我國都市計劃管制與規劃體系皆受土地使用分區管制影響，因此本論文旨在探討都市熱島現象與土地使用之間二者的互動關係，瞭解土地使用管制對熱島氣溫影響。
本論文共分成六章，分別論述如下：
第一章先敘述本研究之動機與目的，本研究以士林、北投地區為研究範圍探討土地使用管制與都市熱島效應之關係，主要目的為：(1)建構熱島效應與土地使用制規則之關連性。(2)分析分區管制規則對熱島效應的影響，檢討熱島效應與分區管制課題及對策，藉以降低熱島效應。
第二章藉由國內外相關文獻定義「都市熱島效應」意義及其對生活環境之影響，歸納出都市熱島效應形成因素，並由都市計畫法相關法系以及台北市土地使用分區管制規則，檢討都市熱島效應之成因，建構出兩者關係影響體系。藉由此相關基礎研究並加以評析，以作為論文的理論與研究依據。
第三章建構本研究工具運用體系、分析方法；目的在於建構都市熱島效應之模擬及實測方法。
第四章透過士林、北投地區的現地實測並利用GIS進行圖示化與相關分析，探討土地使用管制項目中的土地使用類別、建蔽率、容積率、建築物高度等各項管制項目，檢討現行土地使用分區管制中各項目對都市熱島效應影響。
第五章，透過數值模擬與GIS圖示化之功能，對各項管制項目進行模擬，藉此了解各項管制項目調整對於都市熱島效應之影響程度。
第六章，提出結論與建議，研究建議：(1) 降低「建蔽率」管制規定:以不調降容積率，降低建蔽率之方式，或以減少建蔽率，增加容積率之方式，進行街廓的開發。(2) 增列「綠化率」、「貯留水池面積」管制規定:基地面積扣除可建築面積之建蔽率即為空地面積，增列規定空地面積應有定值之綠化和貯留水池面積，以增進水循環能力、調節微氣候、緩和都市熱島的高溫化現象。(3)在高度發展地區考量採用之色彩、材質對都市高溫之影響 (4)合理控制人口密度:熱島因人口聚集而增強，考量都市容受力，使都市均衡發展。
Urbanization is an inevitable part of human civilization. During this process, urban environmental characteristics such as urban heating and global warming develop, resulting in the “Urban Heat Island” (UHI) phenomenon that increasingly degrades habitability. The changes in the microclimate it causes also affect the comfort of the living environment. Natural weather and man-made environments influence UHI temperature changes. Though changes in the weather are beyond control, control of urban developments rests with human beings; in Taiwan, urban planning design and management systems are all influenced by zoning controls. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to explore the relationship between the UHI and zoning as well as how they interact in order to understand how zoning controls affect Heat Island temperatures.
This thesis is divided into six chapters as described below:
Chapter 1 explains the motivation behind this study and its objective. For this study, the Shilin and Beitou districts were used as case studies to examine the relationship between zoning controls and UHI. The main objectives were: (1) Examine the link between UHI and zoning regulations. (2) Simulate the effect that zoning controls have on UHI. By reviewing the zoning control and UHI issues, determine ways of reducing UHI.
Chapter 2 draws on local and overseas publications to define the “Urban Heat Island Effect” and its influence on the living environment. This definition was then used to classify the formative factors of UHI. By looking at legislation related to city planning laws and Taipei City’s zoning regulations, the causes of the UHI were reviewed to establish a model of the relationship between the two. Reviewing and analyzing relevant basic research, established the theoretical and research basis for this study.
Chapter 3 establishes the tools and analytical methods used in this study; the objective is to construct a simulation for UHI and define a method to make real-world measurements.
In Chapter 4 on-site measurements in the Shilin and Beitou areas were carried out. GIS was used to generate graphical results and perform associated analyses. Zoning control restrictions such as zoning categories, building coverage ratio, building bulk ratio and building height were explored in order to examine how zoning control categories affects UHI.
In Chapter 5, through the data simulation and GIS graphic representation the various control categories were simulated in order to understand how much influence adjustments to control categories have on UHI.
The conclusion and recommendations are provided in Chapter 6. The study recommends that: (1) Lower “Building Coverage Ratio” controls: Develop street blocks by maintaining the building bulk ratio and decreasing the building coverage ratio or decreasing the coverage ratio while increasing the building bulk ratio. (2) Add “Greening Ratio” and “Water Retention Pond Surface Area” controls: Deduct from the site area the coverage ratio of space available for construction to derive the vacant area. Add regulations specifying greening ratio and water retention pond surface area for the vacant area. This will improve water circulation, adjust the microclimate and moderate the high temperatures from UHI.
(3) Consider the effect of color and materials used in densely developed areas on high urban temperatures: Simulation results indicate that adjustments to the reflectivity help to moderate urban heating. In areas with dense urban development, use pale colors to improve reflectivity. (4) Impose reasonable restrictions on population density: UHI is amplified by population density. Take into account the city’s capacity to ensure balanced development.
