| 摘要: | 休士頓市是美國唯一「未實施土地使用分區管制」之都市，本研究於深入了解其土地使用分區管制的背景，與土地使用管制方式及現況後發現，在看似特別的土地使用管制方式卻也漸漸出現改革聲浪，究竟看似有秩序的休士頓市，他們面臨了什麼樣的問題，為什麼在自由的市場運作下開始思考計畫的可能。而台灣目前欲走向開發許可制，思考從政府管制朝向市場機制，因此休士頓期望擁有計畫這樣的思維可以提供台灣未來朝向市場力量一個新的思考方向。本研究將從休士頓與台灣的轉變中分析，實施土地使用分區管制帶來許多問題，但不實施土地使用分區管制的休士頓市卻又開始思考計畫的可能性，希望藉由這樣的轉變給予未來都市發展管制的啟示。
第一章－緒論：論述本研究的架構，包括研究動機與目的，其次闡述本研究的範圍與內容，最後說明本研究之方法，並擬出研究的架構及研究流程。
第二章－文獻回顧：首先整理國內外與本研究有相關之文獻進行回顧與分析，爾後回顧都市發展中各種管制制度之方法，最後整理與回顧本研究對象休士頓市的土地使用管制方式與相關評價。
第三章－美國休士頓市土地使用管制制度之探討：本章從休士頓的都市計畫開始論述，顯示休士頓亦是一個有計畫之都市，其後了解休士頓未實施土地使用分區管制的背景及原因為何，而後深入探討休士頓現階段土地使用現況與土地使用管制的控制方式，最後分析休士頓現階段土地使用管制之轉變與改革聲浪。
第四章－美國休士頓市與台灣土地使用管制制度之比較：透過休士頓與台灣兩地的管制制度比較，了解其與台灣管制方式的差別。也藉由管與不管間的不同，釐清兩者間產生的問題，並提供第五章未來都市發展管制方向之參考。
第五章－休士頓市土地使用管制制度變革對台灣之啟示：從休士頓管制制度變革思潮與台灣發展管制制度的轉變，分析出台灣與休士頓發展管制制度的思維皆產生轉變，不論是政府管制抑或是市場力量似乎皆有不被認同之處，針對這個論點，本章最後將從休士頓的思維轉變中，提出台灣未來發展管制制度之啟示。
第六章－結論與建議：從休士頓土地使用管制制度可參考之處與其管制制度變革思維中，本研究提出台灣未來發展管制制度應有的思維，要有「Philosophy」理念，符合計畫，達到價值。因此在未來台灣欲朝向市場力量趨勢前進時，都應注意其管制發展是否有符合「價值、願景、計畫、方向」這四個部分。而本研究對於未來都市發展管制制度的建議為，尊重市場下仍須要有計畫與管制，在願景與目標下，達到土地使用之彈性，也應重視管理協商與民眾參與。從休士頓與台灣兩個發展管制制度的變革轉變中，提出城市未來的發展應有何思維。
Houston is the only not implement land utilization in the assigning to area and control city of U.S.A., this research is found after controlling the way and present situation with land utilization understanding the background controlled in its land utilization dividing area in depth, control the reform roar that the way has also appeared gradually in seemingly special land utilization, seem to be Houston city in good order on earth, what kind of problem they face, why begin to ponder over the possibility of the plan under free market operation. And Taiwan wants to move towards developing and permitting making at present, thinks that controls the transition of the market mechanism of the orientation from the government, so expect to have such thinking of a plan to offer a new thinking direction of strength of orientation market in the future to Taiwan in Houston. This research will be analysed from the transitions of Houston and Taiwan, will implement to control and bring a lot of questions in the dividing area of land utilization, but does not implement Houston controlled in assigning to area of land utilization but begin to ponder over the possibility of the plan, hope to offer the enlightenment controlled in city development in future with such a transition.
Chapter one - Introduction: Describing the structure of this research, including research motive and purpose, secondly explain range and content of this research, state the this research method finally, and draw up structure studied and research procedure.
Chapter two - Document retrospect: Put in order and there are relevant documents to review and analyses with this research domestic and internationally at first, various kinds of control system methods, put the land utilization of a research object Houston in order and review to control the way and relevant appraisal finally while reviewing the city and developing thereafter.
Chapter three - The land utilization of Houston of U.S.A. controls the discussion of the system: Chapter this is it is it describe to begin to plan from city of Houston, show Houston whether one have city that plan also, why to thereafter understand that Houston has not implemented the background and reason controlled in dividing into area of land utilization, and then probe into the control method controlled in the present situation of land utilization and land utilization of the present stage in Houston deeply, analyses the transition controlled in land utilization of the present stage of Houston and reform the roar finally.
Chapter four - Houston of U.S.A. and Taiwan land utilization control the comparison of the system: Compare with the control system of two places in Taiwan through Houston, understand that it controls the difference of ways with Taiwan. With the difference when in charge of and leave alone too, distinguish the question produced between the two, and offer the reference of controlling the direction of city development in the future of chapter five.
Chapter five - The land utilization of Houston controls the system and improves the enlightenment of Taiwan: Control the transition that the system improved the ideological trend and Taiwan development and controlled the system from Houston, analyses that issuing gives and thinking of controlling the system of Houston development all produces and changes, no matter the government control is or that the market strength seems to all have places that is not admitted, to this argument, in this chapter will be changed from the thinking of Houston finally, propose that the development in the future of Taiwan controls the enlightenment of the system.
Chapter six - The conclusion and suggestion: Control the place where the system can be consulted from the land utilization of Houston instead of while controlling the thinking of improving of the system, originally researching and proposing the development in the future of Taiwan and controlling the due thinking of the system, there should be Philosophy idea, accord with the plan, reach value. So when Taiwan wants to advance in strength trend of orientation market in the future, it should notice control not developing it have not according with value, wish scene, plan, direction of these parts. And the suggestion of controlling the system of city development is to the future for this research, must still plan and control under respecting the market, under wishing the scene and goal, reach the elasticity of land utilization, should pay attention to managing and consulting and participating in the people. From Houston and change of controlling the system of two development of Taiwan while changing, there should be any thinking to offer development in the future to the city. |
