| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討單親家長社會支持、婚姻態度與生活適應之關係，主要目的有四：(1)了解單親家長社會支持、婚姻態度及生活適應的現況。(2)比較不同個人背景變項（性別、年齡、父母婚姻關係、幼年時的家庭氣氛、教育程度、職業、住屋所有權、子女數、子女年齡、單親原因、單親時間、是否接受成為單親事實、宗教信仰、是否參加社會團體）的單親家長，其社會支持、婚姻態度及生活適應的差異情形。(3)探討單親家長社會支持、婚姻態度及生活適應的關係。 (4)根據研究之發現，提出建議，以做為單親家長及相關單位之參考。
本研究採用「個人基本資料調查表」、「社會支持量表」、「婚姻態度量表」、與「生活適應量表」作為研究工具，並以立意抽樣作為取樣方法，共得307份有效樣本。
研究結果如下：
（一） 不同職業、住屋所有權、子女數、子女年齡、單親時間、宗教信仰、是否參加社會團體的單親家長在社會支持上有顯著差異存在。
（二） 不同幼年時的家庭氣氛、單親原因、是否接受成為單親事實的單親家長在婚姻態度上有顯著差異存在。
（三） 不同年齡、幼年時的家庭氣氛、教育程度、職業、子女年齡、宗教信仰、是否參加社會團體的單親家長在生活適應上有顯著差異存在。
（四） 單親家長的婚姻態度之整體層面和婚姻評價、婚姻必要性、婚姻的意向、再婚的嚮往等層面與社會支持呈顯著正相關。
（五） 單親家長的婚姻態度之整體層面和婚姻評價、婚姻的感受、婚姻的意向、再婚的嚮往等層面與生活適應呈顯著正相關。
（六） 單親家長的社會支持之整體層面和情緒性支持與生活適應呈顯著正相關。
針對上述研究結果，對單親家長與相關單位提出的建議：(1)協助單親家長建立與維持社會支持系統；(2) 透過民間團體或社會福利機構，針對社會支持較少的單親家長提供所需之社會支持；(3) 尊重、接納單親家長在婚姻的感受性個人化經歷；婚姻的必要性的獨特的經驗。(4)單親家長可尋求適合自己的宗教信仰並主動參加社會團體。
The purposes of this study are to explore the relationships between social support, marriage attitude and live adjustment of single parent. There are four main subjects included in this study: First, the survey of the conditions including social support, marriage attitude and live adjustment of single parent at the present in Taiwan. Second, the investigation how the individual variables (gender, age, parent’s relationships, family ambiance in childhood, education, occupation, residence ownership, numbers of his/her children, age of his/her children, reasons causing single family, time to have been a single parent, accepting or denying the truth of being a single parent, having or not having a religion, attendance in a social fellowship) affect social support, marriage attitude and live adjustment of single parent. Third, the investigation what are the correlations among the social support, marriage attitude and live adjustment. Fourth, according to the results of this study, recommend to single parent and related organizations.
In this study, Demographic Scale, Social Support Scale, Marriage Attitude Scale and Live Adjustment Scale were used for analyzing collected data. The study included 307 qualified cases. The results are as followed:
1. The variable of social support scored for single parent with different occupation, residence ownership, numbers of his/her children, age of his/her children, time to have been a single parent, have or not having religion, attendance in a social fellowship is significantly different.
2. The variable of marriage attitude scored for single parent with different family ambiance in childhood, reasons causing single family, accepting or denying the truth of being a single parent is significantly different.
3. The variable of live adjustment scored for single parent with different age, family ambiance in childhood, education, occupation, age of his/her children, having or not having religion, and attendance in a social fellowship is significantly different t.
4. The whole marriage attitudes and the marriage variables including assessment, sensitivity, attempt and expectation to the marriage are significantly positive correlation with social support. .
5. The whole marriage attitudes and the marriage variables including assessment, vibration, attempt and expectation to the marriage are significantly positive correlation with live adjustment.
6. Live adjustment is significantly positive correlated with whole social support and spirited support.
According to the results, there are four suggestions to a single parent and the related organizations: (1) helping a single parent to establish and maintain his/her social support systems (2) providing the social supports to single parent with less support via non-governmental associations or social welfare organizations; (3) respecting and accepting single parent’s individual experiences in marriage sensitivity and requirement; (4) single parent could look after his/her own religion and actively attendance in a social fellowship. |
