| 摘要: | 谷崎潤一郎（1886－1965）是耽美派文學的代表作家，代表作有『癡人的愛』、『刺青』、『春琴抄』、『細雪』等作品。追求從「嗜虐」與「受虐」中體會深切的快感，在肉體的殘忍中展現女性的美，因此有「惡魔主義者」之稱。
谷崎的童年時期，由於母親早逝，長期的心理陰影堆積之下，產生「戀母情結」（Oedipus Complex），因而從此對「女性」有一種異常的憧憬，所謂的「女體崇拜」（Female-nude Adoring），在作品中可以窺知。因為「女體崇拜」的關係，也產生谷崎對「女體器官」的特殊癖好，特別是在每部作品中，描寫被女性征服的感官愉悅，及性心理的滿足。
谷崎的創作來自受虐狂癖好，現實生活中的妻子與年輕媳婦，都是他妄想女神的化身；他始終一貫地執著於女性美至高無上，堅持著對於女性美的病態追求，沉溺在男性對於女性美之性無能的執拗。在與諸多社會關係疏離的背景下，加上谷崎深受西歐式風格、女性主義思潮、性虐待主義的影響，因而支持了他作品特有的文學世界。
谷崎的小說世界充滿荒誕與怪異，在醜陋中尋求美；在讚美「惡」中肯定「善」；在死亡中思考生存的意義。早期由於對西洋充滿憧憬，因而作品的文風偏向西洋，因為關東大震災，而遷入關西，因此他的小說世界則洋溢著濃郁的日本風，沉溺於陰翳的神秘、官能的愉悅與民族的風情，作品中對於男女之間的性愛與愉悅有纖細且大膽的鋪陳。
本研究從耽美派文學模式（Decadent Literature Model）的形成及特色開始論述，到隸屬於耽美派文風的谷崎文學之成立，論述谷崎文學與生長背景的關係、谷崎文學的特色，接著談及谷崎文學各時期的代表作品，最後由谷崎作品中建構一套自己的「官能論」。再由自己的「官能論」反向分析谷崎作品的「女性」角色與「性心理」。此外，針對谷崎文學在作品上，為何偏愛性虐待主義以及對女體的崇拜，分析是否和從小的生長背景與心理層面有所關聯，由於谷崎的作品中，對「女性」都有不同的看法且深入的描寫，可想而知，「女性」對於谷崎作品的影響是多麼重要，因而成為本論文的研究重心。
Tanizaki Junichiro（1886－1965）is one of the remarkable author who was seen as representation of Decadent. His most popular works include “Chijin no Ai”, “Shi Sei”, “Shun Kin Sho”, and “Sasame Yuki”,etc. His deep sensation was aroused through the experience of hiking. The mentioned above works depicted the physical beauty of females. Therefore, he is known as Diabolism.
During Tanizaki’s childhood, his mother died at young age, which had scared him for a long time. Therefore, he had “Oedipus Complex” and an unusual expectation for “Feminine”, which is called “Female-nude Adoring”. This can be observed from his works. Because of Tanizaki had “Fetishism” and his desperate for “Female-nude Adoring”, he also produced work particularly described “Feminine Organs”, especially about the delights of feeling sensational organs and spiritual satisfaction about subjugating passionately by the feminine.
Tanizaki’s creative writing about joy for sex abuse and deviance. Both the wife and young lady in the real life were arrogating the incarnation of the goddess. He persisted in writing the beauty of the female where the psychological morbid consistently exist at all time. Then, he was addicted in writing male’s unusual feelings towards female, which was regarded as obstinacy of sexual dysfunction. Because of many unconcerned social relations, Tanizaki is deeply attracted by Western-Europe style, feministic trend, sex abuse. As a result, he became a representative of individual literature.
Tanizaki’s novel was filled with fantasy of the degenerate and eerie ideas, from ugliness in search of beauty and corporality, and praise to “Wickedness”, and then again it turned to “Benevolence”. He pondered on meaning of existence from death. He was full of inspiration after being influenced by the western world in his early periods, thus, his writing tended to be Western style. Then, due to Kanto’s Earthquake, he moved to Kansai, and later his novels were changed to Japanese style. He was fascinated with mystery, pleasure of senses and distinctive national features about the works that described particularly both carnal desire and sexual passion.
The study expounded the feature of the Decadent Literature Model from beginning of Tanizaki’s Literature. Besides, it explored the relations between Tanizaki’s Literature, the author’s growing background, and the representative works in every particular period.
In conclusion, finding a “Sense Theory” of my own from Tanizaki’s works, I then analyzed the “Feminine” character of Tanizaki’s works associated with “Sexual Psychology” in reverse view. Besides, in connection with Tanizaki’s literature, finding out why Tanizaki partial to masochism and female-nude adoring. I also analyzed whether childhood and psychological factor have effects on Tanizaki’s works about “Feminine”, therefore, become the main focus of this thesis. |
