| 摘要: | 1955年政府立法施行「鄉鎮市調解條例」，各鄉鎮市設置調解委員會，受理民眾申請或由其他機關轉介糾紛調解案件，對疏解訟源、減輕法院負擔、促進地方和諧具有相當功能。然每年全國調解不成立案件計有3萬餘件，必然造成司法體系相當程度之負擔。因此，研究調解委員與調解結果的關聯性，減少不成立案件，提昇調解成立比率是刻不容緩的課題。
本研究以臺北市12個行政區調解委員會為研究對象，就調解委員人口變項與調解績效、調解行為要素、調解行為條件屬性等問題，分別以統計、問卷與觀察等方式蒐集資料，彙整研究發現如下：
1. 「40至60歲」委員因為「社會歷練」與「人生階段不同」而調解績效高於「40歲以下」委員；「現任里長」委員則因為「工作經驗」、「人格特質」、「服務熱誠」與「成就動機」等因素而調解績效高於「未任里長」委員；「40至60歲現任里長」委員較「40歲以下未任里長」委員具有較高之調解績效。除上述外，調解委員其他人口變項在調解績效上並無顯著差異。
2. 調解行為要素計有「公正」等20項。
3. 「協助產生協議」、「協助達成協議」、「熱誠」、「說明後果」、「化解歧見」等5項調解行為係調解結果之充分條件；「彈性調整協商方式」調解行為係調解結果之必要條件；無調解行為要素為調解結果之充要條件。
4. 假設理論經驗證修正後，本研究所得結論：
「40至60歲現任里長」並具備較多「協助產生協議」、「協助達成協議」、「熱誠」、「彈性調整協商方式」等調解行為要素之調解委員具有較高調解績效。
This research focuses on the Twelve Districts Mediation Committee of Taipei City. Statistical analysis, questionnaire and observations are conducted with respect to the demographic variables, performance, mediated behavioral factors and conditional attributes of the mediation committee members. Findings are as follows:
1. (1) Due to “social experience” and “different stages of life”, the mediation performance of individuals who are between 40 and 60 years old are higher than those who are below 40;
(2) Due to “work experience”, “personality”, “dedication to service”, and “achievement motivation”, the mediation performance of the current village heads are higher than of those mediators who have never served as village heads.
(3) The mediation performance of the current village heads who are between 40 and 60 years old are higher than those who have “never served as village heads and are below 40 years of age".
(4) In addition to the above, the other demographic variables of mediation member show no significant difference in performance.
2. Mediation behavioral factors contain 20 elements, such as “justice” and etc.
3.(1) “To help produce agreement”, “assistance agreement”, “passion”, “illustrate the consequences”, “resolve their differences” are identified to be mediated behavioral factors of the sufficient condition for mediation outcome.
(2) “Flexible adjustment of negotiation” is the necessary condition for mediation outcome.
(3) There are no necessary and sufficient conditions for mediated behavioral factors of the mediation outcome.
4. After the amendment and validation of the hypothesis, the study concludes that:
those members who are serving as current village heads and are between 40-60 years old, “help produce agreement”, “assistance agreement”, “passion”, “flexibility to adjust negotiation” and have higher mediation performance in mediated behavioral factors. |
