| 摘要: | 音樂不像文字讓人在閱讀時有一個具象的東西可以觀看，因此音樂藝術比文字更多一層各人的想樣空間，而作曲家透過譜曲時將自己對文字的解讀與看法，所想像的畫面一同放入樂曲中，讓演奏者與聽者在演唱或聆聽時，透過所呈現的音樂一起進入作曲家所建構的音樂畫面。
從古至今以詩作為題材而譜曲的聲樂創作，已經有想當顯赫的數量，更有同一個詩作品由多位作曲家譜曲的情況，而每個作曲家因出生背景、學習經歷的不同，不僅僅對於詩的解讀不同，在創作的作品上所使用的創作手法也不盡相同，筆者透過對樂曲的分析與詮釋，發現作曲家在將詩作品譜成曲時，也將其個人對詩作品的看法譜入曲子當中。
本文以同位詩人席慕蓉的五首詩作品，由錢南章、張炫文兩位作曲家分別所譜的五首樂曲，從旋律的分析，包含音程、調性、拍號、節奏的使用與詩之配合，來分析兩位作曲家在譜曲時，如何以音樂與詩句做搭配，並在音樂中放入自我的解讀與看法，更透過音樂譜寫詩中的意境，呈現出詩人所要描寫的情感，透過相互的對照，進而發現之中的相異處。
筆者希望透過本研究，從兩位作曲家所譜的音樂中，分析作曲家在譜曲時對詩的解讀，怎麼利用音樂將其所建構的音樂畫面呈現出來，冀希筆者所提出的研究資料，能提供歌唱者、同好者有不同層面的詮釋方法與看法。
Music is not like words providing readers the concrete images. Therefore, there may be more room of imagination inside music than that in words. The composers infuse their ideas about words and imagined views into their works, so that the players and listeners can walk into the musical images constructed by the composers.
In music history, the music works with the resources of poetry have achieved quite an amount. One poem, furthermore, serves even as the basis for several composers’ creations. However, because of different backgrounds, educations, the composers not only form the different perceptions of the poem but also create their music with different techniques. This research, on the basis of the analysis and interpretations of the melodies, consists of the findings that the composers interweave their individual perceptions of the poems into the music when they are composing the poems into their works.
The samples for this research are the music with the resources of the five poems by Xi Murong. Five tunes of two music composers, Qian Nanzhang and Zhang Xuanweng, are selected for comparisons. With the analyses of the melodies, tonality, time signature, and tempo to go with the poem, the research tells how the two composers simultaneously integrate the music and poetry and infuse their own interpretations of the poetic works. The images and emotions of the poems are revealed in the melodies, of which the comparisons will show the individual uniqueness.
With this research, further ideas and views about combining music and poetry for singers and music composers will hopefully expected by the comparisons of the two composers’ readings of the poems and their unique ways of creations. |
