全職實習諮商心理師運用心理位移面對實習壓力之經驗與影響研究

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题名:	全職實習諮商心理師運用心理位移面對實習壓力之經驗與影響研究 The Experience and Effect of Full-Time Internship Counselor Using Psychological Displacement Paradigm in Diary-Writing on Stress of Internship
作者:	張元祐
贡献者:	心理輔導學系
关键词:	心理位移書寫法全職實習諮商心理師實習壓力 psychological displacement paradigm in diary-writing (PDDP) full-time internship counselor stress of internship
日期:	2014
上传时间:	2014-01-23 09:19:24 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本研究旨在探討全職實習諮商心理師運用心理位移面對實習壓力之經驗與影響。資料來源為5 位全職實習心理師經過心理位移書寫後之訪談，以及心理位移書寫後的經驗回溯紀錄。本研究採紮根理論研究法作為資料分析之方法，共分析10小時之訪談逐字稿以及共39 份各研究參與者於心理位移書寫後之經驗回溯紀錄。結果發現：（一）研究參與者於「我」「你」「他」「再回到我」經驗到不同之特徵與功能。（二）在研究參與者運用心理位移面對實習壓力之影響部分，發現在個人、專業工作、人際3 大層面造成21 項影響。 1. 在個人層面影響為：「自我觀看，省思覺察」、「同理接納，觀照療癒」、「拓展視野，轉換觀點」、「降低壓力，減少影響」、「修正調整，促成改變」、「宣洩紓解，安頓情緒」、「抽離跳脫，感受轉換」、「調節平衡，整合內在」、「自我見證，堅定自己」、「剝開防衛，接觸內在」共10 項。 2. 專業工作層面影響為：「自我提醒，找到未來處理方向」、「提醒鼓勵，接納犯錯」、「促進對反移情之省思」、「協助理解個案被同理的感受」、「描述事件，整理釐清」、「增進對問題解決的思考」、「增加問題因應選項」共7 項。 3. 人際層面為：「找到人際議題因應解決方向」、「有助接受人際現況」、「釋懷了結，降低影響」、「有助人際互動覺察反思」共4 項。 4. 此21 項影響可進一步分類為3 大過程性影響：「自我覺察」、「自我接納」、「情緒安頓」；以及1 項結果性影響「促進實習壓力因應」。（三）在心理位移書寫對實習壓力影響產生之原因與機制，發現3 大過程性影響各自有其產生之原因、與各位格之關聯、以及後續影響；3 大過程性影響相互間之關係有4 條脈絡；以及3 大過程性影響與結果性影響之關係有4 條脈絡。文末對於研究結果進行討論與建議。 The purpose of this research was to understand the experience and effect of full-time internship counselor using psychological displacement paradigm in diary-writing (PDDP) on stress of internship. Participants of the research included 5 full-time counseling intern. There are two sources of data: individual interviews with participants and the backtracking texts of the participants were collected. A total of 10 hours individual interview transcripts and 39 backtracking texts were analyzed by grounded theory approach. The results revealed: 1. Participants experienced different features and functions from different pronouns. 2. 21 different effects in 3 levels (individual, professional work, and interpersonal relationship) were found when participants using PDDP on stress of internship: (1) 10 effects in individual level were: improving self-awareness, improving self-acceptance, changing of cognition, decreasing of stress, adjusting and changing, release and settlement of emotions, changing of feeling, balance and inner integration, self-witness and self-determination, contact with the inner. (2) 7 effects in professional work were: finding the treatment direction to the future, accepting making mistake, increasing reflection of countertransference, increasing the understanding of being empathized, clarifying the event, increasing thinking about problem solving, increasing the options of coping. (3) 4 effects in interpersonal relationship were: finding out the solution to the issue, accepting the current situation, decreasing the impact of stress, increasing the reflection about interaction. (4) The total 21 effects could further classify into 3 process effects: self-awareness, self-acceptance, settlement of emotion; and 1 conclusive effect: increasing the coping to the stress of internship. 3. Furthermore, the research also found several mechanisms of PDDP. Researcher found that there were different causes, relation to different pronouns, and follow-up effects of 3 process effects. Researcher also found 4 contexts within 3 process effects, and 4 contexts within 3 process effects and conclusive effect. Finally, results were discussed and suggestions were addressed. Key words: psychological displacement paradigm in diary-writing (PDDP), full-time internship counselor, stress of internship.
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