| 摘要: | 二十世紀下半期以來，隨著社會的變遷與觀念意識的解放，一般民眾對於越來越「科學」的史學之距離越來越遠，歷史科系也因實用價值遭到懷疑而備受冷落。原因之一，可能就是我們的史學只靠學院派史學單飛，而忽視了歷史的普及與應用。歷史演義小說，深入民眾的知識層面、道德意識，其中有歷史通俗化之意義所在，平民百姓的歷史知識亦由此中所得。
本論文之研究目的，歸納起來有下列二點：
一、探討歷史知識通俗化的內涵與發展。歷史知識的通俗化，就是將歷史以大眾容易接受的方式表現出來。形式多種，如史詩、有歷史性質的散文及故事、歷史小說與歷史劇等。進行中國歷史知識通俗化的研究，可以拓寬史學的研究領域，加深相關問題的認識，例如歷史學的社會功能問題，歷史知識通俗化與歷史知識傳播、歷史教育等相關問題。
二、探討歷史演義小說與史學之關係。明清時期，通俗的歷史演義小說如雨後春筍般出版，成為一般庶民吸取歷史知識的重要來源之一。筆者擬透過歷史演義小說中的神魔歷史演義小說─《封神演義》為例，藉以探討歷史演義小說對一般庶民吸收歷史知識的影響。
依據上述研究，本文亦將提出一思考課題，即：專業史家對歷史知識有其相當悠久的訓練方式，他們對於歷史的因果解釋，價值判斷或褒貶都有規可循，但是通俗的歷史知識或多來自稗官野史、小說等，它對民眾的思想和生活影響遠較正史為大。歷史學界該如何看待通俗的歷史知識呢？對此，於總結中亦提出相關研究心得。
During the second half of the 20th Century, as the sense of social changes and the concepts of liberation progresses, people get more and more far away from "scientific" history, historical departments are also ignored since their practical value were suspected. There are many reasons caused the embarrassment, one of the most important reasons, may be that academic history in our history only goes alone by, yet ignoring the popularization and application of history.
There are two major summary in this report:
First, the research on the connotation and development of popularization of historical knowledge. The so-called popularization of historical knowledge is shown as the easy way of history. Studying on the popularization of knowledge of Chinese history could widen the field of historical research, deepen awareness of related issues, such as the social function of history issues, historical connotation of the popularization of knowledge on the role of history education and the dissemination of knowledge of history, and so on.
Second, the Ming and Qing dynasties, popular historical romance novels had been published prosperously, they become one of the primary sources of the general lessons of history knowledge of ordinary people. I seek “Fengshen Yanyi” the magic historical novel-a case study of the “Fengshen Yanyi” on its spread, then explore the historical romance novels to the general historical knowledge of the absorption to ordinary people.
Based on the above study, this article will present a reflection on topics, namely: professional historians on history has quite a long history of training methods, there are causal explanation of their history, value judgments, or mixed, there are always rules to follow, but popular history knowledge or more from romances, novels, its effect on the minds and lives of the people are far higher than official history. This I have also had relevant experiences in summary together. |
