| 摘要: | 隨著兩岸往來經濟貿易交流頻繁與合作環境之成熟到位，據智慧財產局(以下稱智慧局)公佈自2010年11月22日起至2012年第4季為止，兩岸相互受理優先權主張之件數分別為：大陸受理台灣優先權主張，專利共10,235件，商標82件。然而，面對兩岸日益增多之商標申請之審查案件，台灣企業在商標申請程序中因審查制度的異同受到影響付出相當的代價。本論文藉由文獻整理之啟發並佐以法院實務判決加以評析，嘗試以比較的觀點深入剖析兩岸商標審查制度之研究，期望藉由對兩岸商標審查制度之研究，能提供兩岸商標主管機關，在不違背各自既訂之商標審查基準下，且不侷限所謂個案審查模式，並以宏觀角度來審查判斷商標是否合乎註冊要件，以維護與發展正常的市場經濟秩序等重要使命。本論文係有關兩岸商標審查制度之研究，且著重討論兩岸商標標與審查制度的議題，分為以下六章進行討論。
第一章首先點出研究動機、目的、方法、範圍與架構；第二章介紹兩岸商標主管機關體制與法制沿革；第三章探討商標審查制度之優缺點；第四章商標實質審查項目，並就商標審查基準介紹；第五章兩岸商標審查具體案例之討論，藉由法院判決比較評析兩岸商標審查異同處；第六章歸結全文，提出結論與建議。
兩岸商標審查制度雖有其相同之處，惟不同之處亦不在少數，這一差異不僅反映了兩岸立法考量基準的不同，還反映了不同的經濟發展水準與國際地位。近年來台灣的商標到了大陸，因使用認定上缺乏保護而衍生各種問題。若想避免相關損失，保護自身商標權，實有必要進一步了解兩岸相關法規之差異，並在兩岸商標的管理與維護上，如能掌握彼此的異同處，咸信更能收事半功倍之效。希望本研究能成為企業在未來申請兩岸商標過程中遭遇問題的預防與解決的重要參考。
關鍵語詞：智慧局、優先權主張、商標實質審查、商標審查基準。
As frequent exchanges and cooperation in economic and trade between Taiwan and Mainland China come to mature environment. According to the Intellectual Property Office announced since November 22, 2010 until the fourth quarter of 2012, mainland China accepting claiming priority right from Taiwan for claiming priority right number were a total of 10,235 cases for patent and 82 cases for trademark. However, facing an increasing number of examined cases of trademark applications, Taiwan enterprises in the trademark application process pay a considerable cost due to influence on the similarities and differences in trademark censorship. This thesis is enlightened by literature and evidenced with the court verdict to criticize and attempt to compare the study on the cross-strait trademark censorship in-depth. With expectations of study on cross-strait trademark of censorship, it could provide their respective boundarys with established for both sides without prejudice to under the trademark examination criterion. In order to maintain and develop normal order of market economy and other important mission, competent authority shall to judge it whether it is registered trademark important requirements by a macroscopic point of view. This thesis is related to the study of cross-strait trade mark censorship and focuses on the trademark censorship issues.
This thesis studies on the trademark censorship between Taiwan and Mainland China and is divided into six parts.
The first chapter points out the motivation, the goal, the methodology, the stucture and the scope of this study. The second chapter describes the frame of competent authorities of cross-strait trademark and the legal system historical evolution. The third chapter discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the system of trademark examination. The forth chapter explains trademarks substantive, as well as the presentation of trademark examining criterion. The fifth chapter compares cross-strait trademark examination for specific cases, and further analysis by means of court verdict upon the similarities and differences of trademark case. The sixth chapter draws a conclusion with feasible suggestions.
Although cross-strait trademark censorship is similarities, but they are a few differences. This difference reflects not only the discrepancy between the two legislative considerations benchmark, but also presents the level of economic development and international status. In recent years, Taiwan's trademark in mainland China suffers from the exercise of various dervided problems due to the lack of protection in the trademark idenfication. To avoid related losses and to protect its trademark, enterprises shall further understand the difference between the cross-strait regulations before trademark application. It will be more effective, if enterprises can grasp each other's similarities and differences in the management and maintenance of trademark right. It is hoped that the result of this study will provide the prevention and resolution for trademark application problems between Taiwan and Mainland China in the future.
Key words：Intellectual Property Office, claim priority right, trademark substantive examination, trademark examining criterion. |
