| 摘要: | 摘 要
斷案故事從民間取材而來，最大特色在於它的故事、趣味性，反映時人的生活經驗與感受，有時代的意義及文學價值。斷案故事提供地方官員理訟解紛、教化、治理百姓的經驗及如何巧斷懸案的智慧，使地方官員益智，以增加其治事能力。斷案故事的文學價值及趣味性，廣為民間通俗文學所接受，在筆記小說、案獄故事中的發展，有一定的質與量。前賢研究成果以公案小說文本為主，其餘散篇的筆記小說則較少述及，本論文擬以民間故事情節單元概念，探討斷案故事蘊含的各種機智、趣味現象，藉以瞭解當時社會背景、文人生活情態及價值觀，以彰顯清代斷案故事對後世的影響。
第一章緒論，說明研究動機、目的、範圍及方法，並整理前賢研究的成果。第二章，論斷案故事的界定暨清代的刑法獄政，探討斷案故事所蘊含的相關法制現象。第三章，論斷案故事的類別及類型，藉主要的案件探析及斷案的故事類型分類，探究其巧智、趣味的一面。第四章，藉由斷案情節的主題意識，探討情節在故事的運用，透過情節的高潮、轉折並強化人物形象，讓讀者對於人物所串起各個場景，達到彩線穿珠的深刻印象。第五章，論斷案故事的敘事模式及寫作技巧，從斷案故事鋪陳的犯罪現象，探討其心理層面，透過犯罪學、法學觀點的思維，審視犯罪心理微妙變化，藉以窺知犯罪人內心有罪的不安，讓真實的犯罪者無所遁形。第六章，從斷案故事蘊含的果報觀念，探究盛行的原因及對斷案折獄的影響。第七章，從清代社會背景、官場風氣，探討斷案故事所反映的犯罪現象，以彰顯對後世的影響。第八章，從斷案文學的角度，探討中西文化交流對偵探、推理小說、人民法感情的影響。
綜觀斷案故事相關的著作，前賢在文學地位上，已肯定其價值，斷案故事所呈現的巧思、趣味性，反映其獨特的邏輯、獨創性，應給予正面積極肯定的評價。
Abstract
Judicial stories are gathered from the folks and mainly featured by amusement, reflecting contemporary experiences and feelings with historic meanings and literary value. Stories provide governmental officials accesses to settle disputes, educate and govern the masses, and justify unsettled law cases wisely. The stories benefit local officials, thus enhancing the administration. The literary value and entertainment in the stories are widely accepted by light literature, especially in the development of short fictions and lawsuit cases. Previous researches mainly focus on whodunits, while scattered short fictions are rarely mentioned. This thesis aims at discovering the various wisdom and amusing phenomena hidden in the stories with respect to the concept “plot” so as to understand social backgrounds, the spirits of literati, and values, therefore manifesting the impact on descendants.
Chapter 0ne introduction consists of motivation, purpose, scope, and methods. We also sort previous studies. Chapter Two discusses the boundaries of judicial stories and differentiates the criminal law in Ching Dynasty, which aims at unfolding the legal systems. Chapter Three classifies the judicial stories with an eye on the analysis and classification of judicial stories so as to explore the witty and interesting aspect. Chapter Four discusses the application of plots in each story by means of themes in judicial stories. Through the climaxes, complications, and figures, we impress the readers most favorably with the scenes. Chapter Five states the narratives and writing skills within judicial stories. From the foreshadow of criminal phenomena, we uncover the psychological side through criminology, and legal perspectives, scanning the subtle changes so as to get a clearer picture of the suspects’ uneasiness and then find out the criminals. Chapter Six focuses on the cause and effect within judicial stories, exploring the prevalence, which affects the judgment. Chapter Seven discusses the criminal phenomena considering the social background, and the atmosphere of official circles in Ching Dynasty, making a great impact on descendants. Chapter Eight discusses the impact on whodunits and how people feel with respect to the interflowing of Chines and western cultures from judicial literature’s angle.
In view of writings closely related to judicial stories, previous researchers affirm them as great value in literature. We ought to positively appraise the amazing ideas, entertainment, logic, and uniqueness presented in judicial stories. |
