| 摘要: | 本研究為探討青少年父母管教方式、自我概念與生活適應之相關研究，以國立臺灣戲曲學院中學部學生為研究對象，採用問卷調查法，研究樣本755份，有效問卷736份，有效問卷比率為97.48%，以「父母管教方式量表」、「田納西自我概念量表」及「中學生生活適應量表」為研究工具。研究所得資料以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、成對樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關與逐步多元迴歸分析統計方法處理。本研究所得結果歸納如下：1. 戲曲學校學生的母親管教方式，在反應與要求層面沒有差異存在，父親管教方式則以採要求多於反應。2. 戲曲學校學生的自我概念，整體表現正面，與常模平均數不相上下。3. 戲曲學校學生的生活適應，整體表現良好，與一般常模相較時，平均分數略優於常模。4. 戲曲學校男女兩性在父母管教方式、整體自我概念未達顯著差異，男生的整體生活適應優於女生。5. 戲曲學校低年級學生，感受父親與母親管教方式中較多的要求，且低年級學生在生理自我上得分較佳。6. 戲曲學校國中部學生感受父親與母親管教方式中的要求層面皆多於高職部，而在整體自我概念與整體生活適應上，國、高職部學生並無差異。7. 戲曲學校中、高社經地位家庭的學生，在感受父親管教方式中的要求層面多於低社經地位家庭，而在整體自我概念與整體生活適應上，三種社經地位家庭的學生並無不同。8. 戲曲學校雙親家庭與單親家庭學生，在父母管教方式、整體自我概念與整體生活適應上，皆未達顯著差異。9. 父母採高反應、高要求的開明權威管教方式，子女的自我概念與生活適應最好。10. 戲曲學校學生的自我概念愈好，愈有可能產生較佳的生活適應。11. 戲曲學校學生的個人背景變項、父母管教方式與自我概念對生活適應具預測作用，其中以「心理自我」最具預測力。最後，依據研究發現提出相關建議，以提供家庭教育、學校教育、學生成長與未來研究之參考。
The general aim of this study is to explore the parenting-styles, self-concept and life-adjustment of adolescents in National Taiwan College of Performing Arts(NTCPA). In total, 755 subjects were evaluated by Parenting-Styles Scale(PSS), Tennessee Self-Concept Scale(TSCS) and High School Students Life-Adjustment Scale(HLAS), and 736 subjects responded (response rate 97.48%). The data collected were analyzed using statistical methods of descriptive statistics, independent-sample t-test, paired-sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s product-moment correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. The summary of the results of this study were as follows: 1) The parenting styles of the students’ mothers were found to be not significantly different in terms of demanding versus responding, but fathers took a demanding action more than responsiveness. 2) The self-concept of adolescents in NTCPA was positive, close to the norm. 3) The current levels of the life-adjustment of adolescents in NTCPA were obtained in good conditions. Compared with the norm, the students’ average scores are slightly better than those of the norm. 4) The difference between male and female students in NTCPA on parenting-styles and self-concept was found not to be significant in total, but the male students scored higher in life-adjustment than did the female students. 5) Low-grade students in NTCPA perceived more demanding according to scoring with paternal and maternal parenting-styles, and scored higher grades in physiology-self. 6) Junior high school students in NTCPA perceived more demanding according to scoring with paternal and maternal parenting-styles than the senior high school students, but the difference between junior and senior high school students on self-concept and life-adjustment was not statistically significant in total. 7) Students from the middle and the high level of the socioeconomic status perceived more demanding according to paternal parenting-style, but the difference between students of different socioeconomic status on self-concept and life-adjustment was not significant in total. 8) The differences between students of both-parents and singal-parent family on parenting-styles, self-concept and life-adjustment were not significant in total. 9) The authoritative style (high responsiveness and high demanding) of parenting was associated with the optimum self-concept and life-adjustment outcomes among tested adolescents. 10) The better performance for students with NTCPA in self-concept, the more they will perform better in their life-adjustment. 11) The students’ life-adjustment in NTCPA can be significantly predicted based on their background variables, the parenting-styles and the self-concept, and the variable “psychology-self” demonstrate the strongest predictability. According to these findings, some related suggestions are offered for family, school education, student growth and future studies. |
