探討老年人參與規律運動的自我效能與活躍老化關係之研究-以台北市安養機構為例

文化大學機構典藏 CCUR > 環境規劃暨生物資源學院 > 農學院 > 生活應用科學系暨生活應用科學研究所 > 博碩士論文 > Item 987654321/25558

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题名:	探討老年人參與規律運動的自我效能與活躍老化關係之研究-以台北市安養機構為例 The study of the elderly’s Self-efficacy toward Active aging in care organization at Taipei City
作者:	鄭惠文 CHENG, HUI-WEN
贡献者:	生活應用科學系
关键词:	老年人自我效能活躍老化安養機構 Older Adults Self-efficacy Active aging Domiciliary Care Institutions
日期:	2012-12
上传时间:	2013-10-15 14:48:11 (UTC+8)
摘要:	我國於1993年底已邁入高齡化社會，至2011年底止，我國65 歲以上人口占總人口的比例更已高達10.89%。高齡化社會已經成為現今關鍵議題，隨著人口高齡化，醫療費用及老年人照護需求不斷提高，老年人健康問題成為政府福利政策之優先考量，WHO於2002年提出活躍老化的概念，已經成為全球老年福利政策的主要架構，活躍老化被的定義:是健康、參與和安全達到最適化機會的過程，促進老年人在經歷老化時的生活品質（WHO,2002）。為生、心理、三面向同時運作並呈現良好的狀態。參與規律運動是影響老年人生理功能及健康狀況的因素之一，除此之外，自我效能是維持老年人規律的身體活動的關鍵因素。由於家庭照護功能下降，老年人的醫療機構的需求增加。本研究宗旨在探討安養機構老年人參與規律運動之自我效能和活躍老化之間的關係。本研究於臺北市8家安養機構中對65歲以上之老年人進行問卷調查，總發放問卷200份，有效問卷195份，有效問卷率為97.5%。本研究測量工具為「個人背景變項調查表」、「自我效能量表」、「ADL量表」、「IADL量表」、「SPMSQ量表」、「CES-D量表」、「社會支持與生產力量表」等測量工具。研究結果顯示:自我效能會因婚姻狀況、每周運動次數不同有顯著差異；活躍老化會因子女狀況、每周運動次數不同有顯著差異；自我效能與活躍老化成正相關；自我效能對活躍老化具有顯著預測力。居住於安養機構的老年人維持社會支持和獨立自我照護能提高生活品質。根據本研究結果建議政府的福利政策制定相關單位與安養機構，能促進老年人有規律的運動，並增加其自我效能來達到活躍老化之標準。 Taiwan has become an aging society since the year of 1993. At the end of 2011, the elder population constitutes 11% of total populations. Aging has become a critical issue nowadays. As the population ages, the cost of medical care and the need of care giving for the older adults has steadily raised. Health becomes the top priority of the government’s welfare policy toward the elderly. Active aging was developed by the WHO in 2002. It has become a framework of the elderly welfare policy development worldwide. Active aging is defined as a dynamic process of optimizing opportunities for participation, health, and security in order to enhance quality of life as people age (WHO, 2002), specified in three health dimensions which are as mental, physical, and social. Regular physical activity is one of the most effective means that influence older adults in health and functional abilities. Further, self-efficacy has been identified as a critical factor toward regular physical activity participation. Due to family caring functions decline, the needs of elderly care organization increase. This study aims to investigate the relationships between self-efficacy of regular physical activity participation and active aging conditions of residents who live in elderly care organizations. This study surveyed 200 elderly residents in 8 institutions with effective rate 97.5%. Self-efficacy Scale, IADL, SPMSQ, CES-D, and Social support & productivity Scale were applied to examine the aim of this study. Significant differences are found in self-efficacy on marriage status and weekly participating frequency; in active aging on children status and weekly participating frequency. Results indicate that self-efficacy is positively correlated to active aging. Furthermore, self-efficacy significantly predict active aging in this study. Elderly care organization provide residence function, and maintain social support and independency of older adults to enhance their quality of life. The results of this study suggest government welfare policy makers and elderly care organization to promote regular physical activity to elderly residents. It helps increase their self-efficacy and overall active aging.
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