| 摘要: | 在一般化學工業當中，像單元操作的設備如萃取塔、過濾器和填充吸收塔；在技術方面如合成反應、分離技術，在運轉輸送程序設計和操作的過程之中，許多物質的物理變化特性及流體現象，仍然需要參考密度與黏度去做詳細而精密的計算，這些文獻資料是不可或缺的要素。
本研究測量 (乙醇+二甲基亞颯)、(乙醇+1-甲基-2比咯烷酮)和(二甲基亞颯+1-甲基-2比咯烷酮)之三組二元系統，和(乙醇+二甲基亞颯+1-甲基-2比咯烷酮)的密度和黏度，在大氣壓力之下，四個溫度分別為293.15 K、298.15 K、303.15 K、308.15 K。密度測量使用振盪管密度計，黏度則使用落球式黏度計。
由實驗，我們可以計算出剩餘的摩爾體積密度和黏度偏差。使用經驗方程式Redlich-Kister多項式方程來估計過量的摩爾體積和黏度偏差。如果實驗值和預測值的偏差小，通過實驗計算值十分接近
二元系統的密度值約落在0.81 至1.1 之間，黏度值約從0.9 .至2.0 之間密度標準偏差皆小於2%。本實驗二元系統過剩莫爾體積(excess molar volume)均為負貢獻，在負貢獻度值約從0.05 至0.8 。三元系統的密度值約落在0.89 至1.04 之間，本實驗三元系統過剩莫爾體積(excess molar volume)為負貢獻。並將三元系統數據用Tsao-Smith、Jacob-Fitzner、Rastogi、Kohler、Radojkovic、Toop 、Colinet、Scatchard、Vm2+13、Pseudo-binary mixture approach(PBMA)經驗方程式來預測，其中又以Rastogi、Vm2+13及Pseudo-binary mixture approach(PBMA)方程式預測結果為最佳結果。
In the general chemical industry, the unit operation device such as extraction columns, filters and packed absorption towers; the technical area such as the synthesis reaction and separation technology, during the transports, program designs and the operations of the processes, many the characteristics of the material physical change and the phenomenon of fluid are still required to do a detailed and accurate calculation of the density and viscosity. These references are the essential elements.
This work measures (ethanol + dimethylsulfoxide ), (ethanol +1- methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) and (dimethylsulfoxide+1-methy-2-pyrrolidinone) the three binary system, and (ethanol + dimethylsulfoxide +1-methyl-2- pyrrolidinone) the density and viscosity of the ternary system, under the atmosphere pressure, there are four different temperatures 293.15 K、 298.15 K、 303.15 K、 308.15 K. Density measurement use the oscillating tube density meter to do the measurement, viscosity is measured by the falling ball viscosity.
By the experiment, we can calculate the surplus molar volume density and the viscosity deviation, using the Redlich-Kister polynomial equation to estimate the excess of the molar volume and viscosity deviation. If the deviations of the experiment values and predicted values are small, calculated by experiment value is very close.
The density value of the binary system is about 0.81 to 1.1 . The viscosity value is about from 0.9 to 2.0 . The standard density deviations are all less than 2 %. The binary system experiments of excess molar volume in this thesis are all negative contributions, the negative contribution values are approximately from 0.05 to 0.8 .And the density value of the ternary system is about between 0.89 to 1.04 . In this study, the ternary system of excess molar volume is negative contributions. Using the datas of ternary system by Tsao-Smith, Jacob-Fitzner, Rastogi, Kohler, Radojkovic, Toop, Colinet, Scatchard , Vm2+13 and Pseudo-binary mixture approach (PBMA) those empirical equations to predict the outcomes. And the equation outcomes of Rastogi, Vm2+13 and Pseudo-binary mixture approach (PBMA) are the best results. |
