| 摘要: | 宗室是皇帝的親屬，皇室家族的成員，出身高貴的天潢貴冑，隨中國歷史的演變而各有評價。
由於他們和皇帝具有血緣關係，歷代君主對宗室的安置方式莫衷一是。西漢以封建和廢黜疏屬的方式對待宗室；南北朝以宗室典兵，委以方鎮之權，直到唐初；唐中葉以後，或以宗室為外官，或軟禁於大宅內，直至唐末。
宋朝軟禁宗室的政策大體承襲武則天和唐玄宗，並加以制度化。宋太祖優待文官，甚至有「誓不殺大臣與言事者」之語，對宗室的教育格外重視，此點為太宗以後的皇帝繼承；賜名授官的制度，豐厚的俸祿和賞賜，使宗室從出生到死亡均有保障，不必如凡夫俗子般為生計奔波。菁英式教育和紙醉金迷的生活，培養出宗室亟欲肩負責任的渴望，光是南班官奉朝請的義務已難以滿足他們，神宗熙豐變法讓宗室重新獲得出任外官的權力，該政策持續到南宋滅亡為止。
包容政治是劉子健的概念，施行條件共分為四點：一為名實兼顧，二是統治方法，三乃充裕的財力，四是思想上的信念。其中二、四兩點均運用於宗室制度，南宋才徹底推廣到所有官員。
本文共分為七章。「緒論」回顧相關研究概況，敘述研究動機、方法和研究成果。第一章「北宋的宗室地位與包容政治」簡述北宋的宗室制度沿革、包容政治的施行條件。第二章「南宋前期的宗室官員和一般官員」簡述分期的方式、政局發展和宗室官員的貢獻。第三章「南宋中期的宗室官員和一般官員」簡述政局發展、宗室官員對政治戒約的挑戰。第四章「南宋晚期政局和宗室官員」簡述晚宋政治、軍事、經濟困境、包容政治的難以為繼、宗室官員的風範。第五章「南宋宗室官員的特權與特色」說明宗室在經濟、法律、考試等方面擁有的特權，以及在包容政治運作之下，如何用高於每況愈下的水準維持政府運作。「結論」總結南宋宗室官員在包容政治運作下，如何運用自身的才學，以及與皇權的關係鞏固王朝基石，使南宋成為中國最大的家族企業。
Imperial clan are the emperor's relatives, the members of the royal family, Huang's expensive helmet of noble day, each appraise with development of China's history.
Because they and emperor have blood relationship, placing the way unable to decide which is right to imperial clan of past dynasties monarch. Treated imperial clan in such a manner that feudal and dethrone dredging to belong to in the Western Han Dynasty; With soldier, allusion quatation of imperial clan, the intersection of committee and the intersection of Isreal side and right of town the Northern and Southern Dynasties, until Tang Chu; After the middle period such as Tang, regard imperial clan as other officer, put under house arrest in large residence, until the intersection of Tang and last line.
The policy that put imperial clan under house arrest in Song Dynasty is adopted to military it and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty on the whole, and institutionalized. Song TaiZu gives special consideration to a civil official, the language that even have ' the persons who swear not to kill minister and speech thing ', the education of imperial clan is extremely paid attention to, this point is inherited with the thick emperor for the second emperor since founding of a country; Bestow the name called the system of awarding the officer, generous official's salary and reward, make imperial clan secure from borning to the death, needn't rush about for the livelihood like ordinary person. Lush to educate while being English and of luxury and dissipation life, train imperial clan, desire most ardently, shoulder aspiration of responsibility, only it has been already difficult to satisfy them that an officer presented with respect towards the obligation that invited in the south, Shenzong's bright abundant constitutional reform let imperial clan obtain the power to take the post as the other officer again, this policy is sustained up to becoming extinct in the Southern Song Dynasty.
It is Liu ZiJian's concept to forgive politics, implements the condition and is divided into four points altogether: One give consideration to for the name and reality, second, rule the method, three is the abundant financial resources, fourth, the faith on the thought. Among them two, 0.2 kilograms were clicked and applied to the systems of imperial clan, did not generalize to all officers completely until the Southern Song Dynasty.
This text is divided into seven seals altogether. ' introduction ' reviews the relevant research overview, narrate research motive, method and research results. System evolution of imperial clan which sketch Northern Song Dynasty of chapter one ' the status of imperial clan and forgiving politics in Northern Song Dynasty ', forgiving the implementation terms of politics. Chapter two ' previous officers and general officers ' of imperial clan sketch phased way, political situation development and imperial clan officers' contribution in the Southern Song Dynasty. Chapter three ' officers and general officers ' of imperial clan in middle period of the Southern Song Dynasty sketch the challenge to that politics is given up and invited of the officers of the development of political situation, imperial clan. Chapter four ' political situation and the intersection of imperial clan and officer ' sketch late political military economic predicament, hard to carry on, the intersection of imperial clan and demeanour of officer to contain politics Song will it be later period the Southern Song Dynasty. Chapter five ' privilege and characteristic ' of the officers of imperial clan explain the privilege that imperial clan have in such aspects as economy, law, examination in the Southern Song Dynasty, and under forgiving political operation, how be with higher than declining competence, keep government's operation. ' the conclusion ' summarizes the officers of imperial clan of the Southern Song Dynasty under forgiving political operation, how to use one's own talent and learning, and the relation with imperial power consolidates the foundation stone of imperial court, make the Southern Song Dynasty become the biggest family firm of China. |
