Ventral coloration differentiation and mitochondrial sequences of the Chinese Cobra (Naja atra) in Taiwan

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Title:	Ventral coloration differentiation and mitochondrial sequences of the Chinese Cobra (Naja atra) in Taiwan
Authors:	Lin, Hua-Ching Li, Shou-Hsien Fong, Jonathan Lin, Si-Min
Contributors:	生科系
Keywords:	Cobra coloration conservation genetics ESU mitochondrial Naja atra
Date:	2008
Issue Date:	2009-11-06 11:11:54 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	Differences in coloration between eastern and western populations of the Chinese cobra (Naja atra) in Taiwan have been noted by snake collectors, snake keepers, and users of Chinese traditional medicine, but have never been verified by scientific research. In this study, we quantified the amount of black pigment on ventral scales, and found prominent differences in ventral coloration of populations across Taiwan; populations in eastern Taiwan have black ventral scales while populations in the west are predominantly white. Previous studies have shown a similar east-west population differentiation in regards to venom components. We supplement these data with mitochondrial control region sequences, which show extremely low nucleotide diversity. Black-ventral and white-ventral snakes share major haplotypes and show no genetic differentiation. Nevertheless, moderate F-st and low N-m values between populations indicate low levels of gene flow. With a morphological fixation earlier than mitochondrial sequences on a relatively short evolutionary time scale, ventral coloration is potentially a result of local adaptation. Based upon the results of this study, along with traditional observations, we strongly recommend treating each of the four populations of the Chinese cobra in Taiwan as distinct ESUs. Reintroducing confiscated snakes from the illegal trade back into the wild needs to be halted to prevent artifical gene flow.
Relation:	CONSERVATION GENETICS Volume: 9 Issue: 5 Pages: 1089-1097
Appears in Collections:	[Department of Biology ] journal articles

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