台北市2009年與2010年廢棄建物減量及美化市容景觀之租地成本分析

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Title:	台北市2009年與2010年廢棄建物減量及美化市容景觀之租地成本分析 The Cost Analysis of the Project of Dilapidated-Buildings Reduction and Amenity Landscaping in Taipei City between 2009 and 2010
Authors:	林易增
Contributors:	地學研究所地理組
Keywords:	地租 Land rent 社會正義 Social justice 土地供需 Supply and demand of land 容積獎勵 Floor area bonus 台北好好看 ‘Beautiful Taipei’ programs
Date:	2012
Issue Date:	2013-03-20 11:04:41 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	為了配合響應台北市所舉辦的2010國際花卉博覽會，市政府推行一系列美化市容專案。內容是利用獎勵容積率的方式，對於仍有老舊建物的私有地進行時效性的土地徵收，一併改建成公園綠地後開放供市民使用。易言之，此項專案可已視為政府以容積獎勵來“租地”美化市容。研究採計市場價格、公告地價、房屋建造成本、土地租賃費用、綠美化費用等成本費用，估算出參與此專案之土地所有權人會因政府發放容積率後每坪土地將有8.6萬元至12.3萬元的利益產生，加計全體58個研究區總共將產生18億9,704萬元至27億1,778萬元的利益。由於此專案屬於市政府短期間之使用權徵收，本研究將建議決策者採用租賃的方式徵收土地，因為推估市政府將花費約4億9千多萬元至6億7千多萬元，與使用發放容積的方式做比較最高將達到節省20億元的社會成本支出。容積率是政府限制都市土地不會過度發展的最佳手段之一，卻成為政策推動的獎勵條件，造成土地使用管制失效以及影響房屋市場價格。對於缺乏整體評估只追求眼前短暫成果的政策，是否有保障居民自身權益，符合實質及分配的社會正義？ For to the 2010 International Flora Exposition in Taipei, the municipal government implements a series of amenity projects. One of which is rewarded floor area, that is, the government levies the private land with old buildings with prescription, and turns them into green parks for public use temporarily. In other words, the government “rent” the land to glorify the city by rewarding floor area as a bonus. This study calculates the profit through the market price, announced land price, housing construction costs, land lease costs and green landscaping costs, and finds out that due to the floor area provided by the government. The land owners who participate in this project will earn about $ 86,000 to $ 123,000 in per ping land. All 58 study areas will produce a total benefit from about $ 1.8 billion and 97.04 million to $ 2.7 billion and 17.78 million. As a land-use improved project in a very short period of time, it also a project that municipal government changed the land use by levying right. It’s much better to rent the land by government since the $6.7 billion total cost was under and save at most $20 billion of social cost compared with floor area reward. Floor area regulation is one of the best methods limiting land use by government, but now it becomes a policy-driven reward, and this will lead both to the failure of land-use control and to the impact of the housing market price. By applying a policy that both lacks an overall assessment and pursuits immediate short-term outcomes, does it truly protect the rights of the residents or conform to the social justice of the essence and distribution?
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