保險法上損害填補原則之研究-兩岸保險法相關原則之實踐

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Title:	保險法上損害填補原則之研究-兩岸保險法相關原則之實踐 A Study on the Principle of Indemnity of Insurance Law-the Implementation of Relevant Principle under Cross-Straits Insurance Laws
Authors:	劉振鯤
Contributors:	中山與中國大陸研究所中山學術組
Keywords:	損害填補原則 The principle of indemnity 保險法 insurance law
Date:	2012
Issue Date:	2013-03-16 13:54:14 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	損害填補原則是保險法上重要基本原則，但我國保險法對於損害填補原則並無明文規定，長期以來的學理討論亦未深入研究。本文認為損害填補原則並不僅僅只是一個單一原則，其功能也不僅僅只有指導保險人對於保險金之給付限度。損害填補原則牽涉範圍廣泛，包括：一、保險利益（保險法17）。二、保險基本定義（保險法1）。三、保險種類分類（保險法13）。四、超額保險（保險法76）。五、複保險（保險法35）。六、保險代位權（保險法53）。此六項保險法上重要概念，皆與損害填補原則密切相關。為深入探討損害填補原則之內涵，本文建構一個損害填補原則之法體系，其展現的法理結構，包括外在體系（äußeres system）與內在體系（inneres system）、損害填補原則的歸責標準等，並檢討兩岸保險法規範對於損害填補原則之具體實踐，乃分述於本文各章，其內容如下：第一章：緒論。本章說明研究動機與目的、研究途徑與方法。第二章：文獻回顧與名詞釋義。第三章：損害填補原則。本章討論損害填補原則之意義及其適用的例外，並討論相關概念，諸如適用範圍、保險定義、第三類保險、再保險等。第四章：損害填補原則之法體系構造。本章旨在建構損害填補原則之外在體系與內在體系，所謂外在體系，指保險人對於要保人損害填補責任成立之原因，與損害填補責任之內容。所謂內在體系，指損害填補原則實踐法律的原則與價值。損害填補原則之動態體系與法律價值的實踐，以及損害填補原則與誠實信用原則、保險利益原則、對價平衡原則間的協力、補充關係，最後討論損害填補原則實踐法律價值，亦即保險法的公平正義觀。第五章：損害填補原則的歸責標準。本章討論損害填補原則之客觀歸責標準與主觀歸責標準。所謂客觀歸責標準，指保險法上之因果關係。所謂主觀歸責標準，指被保險人故意或過失，並討論保險詐欺的相關問題。第六章：損害填補原則在兩岸保險法實踐之一：超額保險。本章從損害填補原則之立場檢討兩岸保險法中有關超額保險之規範，並提出修正建議。第七章：損害填補原則在兩岸保險法實踐之二：複保險。本章從損害填補原則之立場檢討兩岸保險法中有關複保險之規範，並提出修正建議。第八章：損害填補原則在兩岸保險法實踐之三：保險代位權。本章從損害填補原則之立場檢討兩岸保險法中有關保險代位權之規範，並提出修正建議。第九章結論。 A Study on the Principle of Indemnity of Insurance Law —the Implementation of Relevant Principle under Cross-Straits Insurance Laws The principle of indemnity is very important principles of insurance law, but Insurance act did not expressly provides, theoretical discussion nor depth study. This paper argues that the principle of indemnity is not merely a single principle, its function is not the only guiding the insurer for Indemnity. The principle of indemnity involved in a wide range, including: insurable interest, insurance basic definition, the type of insurance classification, excess insurance, double insurance, insurance subrogation. These will express as follows: Chapter 1: Introduction. This chapter describes the motivation and purpose of research, research approaches and methods. Chapter 2: Literature Review. Chapter 3: The principle of indemnity. This chapter discusses the principle of indemnity and its exceptions, and related concepts, such as the scope of application, insurance is defined, the third class of insurance and reinsurance. Chapter 4: The system of the principle of indemnity. The purpose of this chapter is to construct the system of the principle of indemnity, including external system and internal system. Chapter 5: The principle of indemnity of imputation standard. This chapter discusses the principle of indemnity objective imputation standard and subjective imputation standard. Chapter 6: The principle of indemnity that Implementation under cross-straits Insurance Laws- part one: excess insurance. Chapter 7: The principle of indemnity that Implementation under cross-straits Insurance Laws- part two: double insurance. Chapter 8: The principle of indemnity that Implementation under cross-straits Insurance Laws- part three: subrogation. Chapter 9:conclusions.
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