「預防原則」於食品安全法制之應用

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题名:	「預防原則」於食品安全法制之應用 The Application of the Precautionary Principle in the Food Safety Regulations
作者:	李寧修
贡献者:	法律學系（所）
关键词:	預防原則可追溯原則食品安全風險評估風險管理風險溝通
日期:	2011~2012
上传时间:	2013-03-12 15:14:11 (UTC+8)
摘要:	預防原則含有深謀遠慮及事先防範的意義，期待透過提前發動之預防措施，以求避免可能產生的損害或負擔。近來層出不窮的食品污染事件，皆關係著廣大人民的健康與安全，在此錯綜複雜的食物鏈中，國家是否得透過一定的制度設計與策略運用，防患於未然？而作為消費者的我們，是否能有機會更積極地為自己的健康及安全把關？上述問題的提出，皆反映出預防原則在現今食品安全領域不可或缺的重要性。本研究首先以預防原則在德國及歐盟食品安全法制中之形成與發展作為開場，並探討其內涵及由其衍伸出之具體食品安全基本原則，如:可追溯原則。預防原則在食品安全法制中的具體應用，得自消費者保護網絡窺其一斑，就消費者健康之維護，國家的任務已由傳統之「危害防護」提升至「風險預防」，其具體化的職務分配得由三個核心概念向外擴展，即風險評估、風險管理及風險溝通，透過此發想自預防原則之概念，要求國家在損害尚未發生或是損害發生之因果關係尚未確認前即需做出相應之保護措施。對照上述德國及歐盟在食品安全法制上的規範與經驗，實地參訪我國相關食品安全機關，瞭解預防原則在我國食品安全法制落實的情況，進行比較討論，期得提出建設性的意見，為國內相關學術領域做出具體貢獻。 The precautionary principle has the deep meaning of foresight and precaution in advance. It may be invoked where urgent measures are needed in the face of a possible danger, or to protect human health where scientific data do not permit a complete evaluation of the risk. The purpose of precautionary principle is to start prevention measures, and to avoid possible damage or burden. Recently, several serious food pollution events have huge impact on people’s health and safety. In this complicated food chain, should the government establish a system and use the strategy to protect people? We, as consumers, do we have the opportunity to supervise more actively for our own health and safety? The foregoing questions all reflect the importance of precautionary principle in the recent food safety field. The objectives of this research begin with the formation and development of the applications of precautionary principle in Germany and European Union food safety laws. We will further investigate the content and solid food safety principles that extend from this concept, for example, the principle of traceability. From the protection network of consumer, we can observe the concrete application of the precautionary principle in food safety laws. The government's duty must be upgrade from traditional "Hazard protection" to "Risk prevention". The specific allocation of the government’s task expands from 3 core concepts: i.e. Risk assessment, Risk management and Risk communication. From the concept that stems from precautionary principle, the government is required to prepare corresponding protection measures before the emergence of damage or before the uncertainty of cause and effect of damage. Contrast the regulations and experience of food safety law in Germany and European Union, the application of the precautionary principle in Taiwan’s food safety laws will then be briefly reviewed and compared. Through visiting Taiwan food safety authorities in person, we could observe the real situation of the precautionary principle in Taiwan’s food safety laws and further to propose constructive suggestions based on the comparison and provide concrete contributions to the relevant academic field in Taiwan.
显示于类别:	[法律學系暨法律學研究所] 研究計畫

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