在跨政府氣候變遷小組(IPCC)的引導下,全球各領域的研究者開始由減緩(mitigation)與調適(adaptation)的觀點回應氣候變遷。近年來,在各種氣候變遷衝擊持續增加的趨勢下,氣候變遷的「調適」已成為世界研究與政策推動的關鍵議題之一。其中,氣候變遷的調適主要由脆弱度(vulnerability)與回復力(resilience)兩個觀念為探討核心,目前「脆弱度」評估之研究多以個別災害(如:洪災)與個別面向(如:糧食生產的脆弱度)為主,仍缺乏整體性針對氣候變遷影響趨勢下,土地利用本身之土地特質與周圍環境之脆弱度評估。另外,氣候變遷衝擊之「回復力」研究部分則剛起步,進一步的回復力評估概念與方法仍有待發展。因此,本研究以台北盆地作為研究範圍,主要分為兩年進行土地利用之脆弱度與自我調適之空間評估。第一年以脆弱度概念之探討為基礎,並將脆弱度之評估著重於暴露(exposure)與衝擊(impact)兩部分,並以模糊分析階層程序法(FAHP)、地理資訊系統(GIS)與土地適宜性分析(LSA)方法為基礎,建立土地使用之暴露與衝擊評估架構,並據以評估1971 與2006 年台北盆地之土地使用對於氣候變遷影響之暴露與衝擊性。第二年則進一步延伸脆弱度之探討,引用系統生態學(System Ecology)中演替時間(turnover time)的觀念,發展台北盆地土地使用之自我調適(autonomous adaptation)評估系統,並分析1971 年與2006 年台北盆地自我調適能力之空間型態;此外,並與第一年之研究成果進行比較,以分析台北盆地中高脆弱度與低自我回復之空間區位,並由土地使用改變、降低暴露性、減少衝擊性以及提升自我調適能力等四個觀點探討台北盆地可能之調適政策(adaptation policy)應用。
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) drives researches on adaptation, mitigation, vulnerability and resilience for global climate change. Climate change adaptation, vulnerability and resilience assessment have become three of the most import issues to response climate change impact. Additionally, after IPCC proposed definition for vulnerability as exposure, impact and autonomous adaptation, these three perspectives start to be adopted to explore vulnerability. However, there is no appropriate system framework to assessment vulnerability and autonomous adaptation based on comprehensive land-use and spatial approaches. Therefore, this research will propose a comprehensive structure to assess spatial pattern of exposure and impact for Metropolitan Taipei based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchical Process, GIS and Land Suitability Analysis in the 1st year. Furthermore, turnover time concept will be adopted to analysis spatial pattern of autonomous adaptation for Metropolitan in the 2nd year. Moreover, location of high vulnerability and low autonomous adaptation are identified for exploring climate change adaptation policy for Metropolitan Taipei.