摘要: | 《摘要》
傳統報業的閱報率、廣告營收下滑,導致許多傳統新聞媒體積極轉型數位化發展,成為一種全球性趨勢。但時至今日,許多市場調查都發現,網路新聞廣告的收益不如預期,讓許多業者開始思考,是否有其他可行的營利模式?目前全球許多新聞媒體,包括具有指標性地位的美國《紐約時報》,都開始思考如何讓閱聽人付費瀏覽網路新聞,創造新的營運模式。
本研究將以McQuail(2005)和Doctor(2010)對於新聞機構營運模式的分析,以及社會學家Zelizerl(2004)、行為經濟學家Ariely(2011)強調社會結構、社會關係會影響閱聽人動機與行為的觀點,並援引使用與滿足領域對於閱聽人動機與使用行為的脈絡觀點,深入探討可能影響閱聽人付費瀏覽網路新聞意願的因素。
透過量化的網路問卷調查方法,本研究鎖定「有閱讀網路新聞習慣的台灣網路使用者」為研究調查樣本,在台灣幾家媒體包括《聯合新聞網》、《壹蘋果網絡》、《Nownews新聞網》等業者的臉書(Facebook)粉絲專頁,尋找自願者填寫本研究之問卷。結果發現,閱聽人的「教育程度」、「月收入」、「每日網路使用頻率」、「網路新聞重要性評估」等變項,與付費瀏覽網路新聞意願具有顯著差異;且超過9成的閱聽人仍以個人電腦做為瀏覽網路新聞的工具;網際網路的「即時性」、「跨疆界性」、「娛樂性」等,則是閱聽人瀏覽網路新聞的主要動機。另外,本研究中,歸納出影響網路新聞閱聽人付費意願的三個層面,分別是「網路特性應用層面」、「人際互動與賦權層面」、「付費價值評估層面」,或許可做為未來業界的努力方向。
關鍵字: 網路新聞、網路付費模式、媒體經營、社會關係
Abstract
The dropped readership to traditional newspaper, advertisement is resulted in the transition to digital media, which is a type of global trend. Nowadays, the market research had learned that the profit gained from e-commercial is far from expectation. At the same time people begin to realize if we could have other alternatives? Coming to the contemporary news media, such as《New York Times》, are kicking off considering if we can have more people accepted to paid news on internet.
The research based on the news institute structure analyst by McQual (2005) and Doctor (2010) and the emphasized social structure, relations which motivated people’s behavior by Sociologist Zelizerl (2004) and behavior economist Ariely (2001) studied thoroughly between online news browser motivation habits, and paid attitude.
The research will be targeted on quantified survey and have “people who are online news reader” as a sample focus. The idea will be taken place on media’s Facebook as Udn, Nextmedia, and Nownews. According to the survey result, there’re certain influences among “education”, “monthly income”, “daily browser frequency”, “evaluation to the online news importance” of those readers. Besides, there’re over 90 percent of readers are browsed by personal laptop. The main motivation for those online news readers are “instant”, “cross-borders”, and “entertainment”.
Keywords: online news, online pay model , media management, social relationships |