| 摘要: | Putnam(1993,1995a,1995b,2000)在九○年代提出「社會資本理論」，認為它是民主社會正常運作的重要基礎，並指出電視是降低社會資本的原因。爾後，隨著網際網路的蓬勃發展，研究焦點從電視擴及到網路，憂心網路使用會造成社會資本降低的學者，認為它會「壓縮」及「置換」人們實際面對面的互動；持樂觀態度的學者，則認為網路的主動性特徵，創造出新的社群及社會參與形式。然而，近年來出現了新型態的線上社群形式，稱為「社會網絡網站」 (Social Network Sites,SNS)，允許個人可以進一步展示、建構自己的社會網絡，並有開創新的連結機會和維持現有連結的功能，而這種注重從離線發展到線上關係的網絡平台，也成為目前人們溝通和互動的主要管道。
在此，本研究採用問卷調查法，以成立不到十年，就有將近8億人使用的Facebook作為研究對象，分別以「使用強度」、「互動功能」、「使用動機」、「使用傾向」等量表，去試圖了解Facebook使用者的社會資本積累狀況。
研究結果顯示，Facebook的「使用強度」、「互動功能」、「使用動機」、「使用傾向」確實能有效預測解釋其使用者的社會資本。同時，研究結果也發現，Facebook提供使用者和他人聯繫的多項管道，使得生活滿意度和社會信任度提高，也增加了促進集體行動的機會。
In the 1990s, Putnam brought up Social Capital Theory that was regarded as a significant feature of healthy and effective democracies. With the increasing development of the Internet, there has been a controversy over the Internet usage. The pessimistic think it would lower users’ social capital. On the other hand, the optimistic hold the viewpoint that the interaction of the Internet could create another new form of community, promoting the civic and political participation. Currently, Social Network Sites (SNS), the new utility of online community, allow users to build up more links with others, sharing a connection within the system as a way of communication and interaction.
In this study, we take Facebook as the object of the study and adopt survey research involving the measurements, intensity, motivations, tendencies and tools of interaction on Facebook usage. The purpose is to investigate the condition of social capital among the Facebook users.
The result shows the intensity, motivations, tendencies and tools of interaction on Facebook usage are significant toward Facebook uses’ social capital. Moreover,
social trust, life satisfaction as well as civic and political participation are promoted at the same time. |
