| 摘要: | 二十世紀，科學發展主宰了人類文明的各個領域，在二十世紀的下半葉，產生了電腦，特別是電腦當中的多媒體，對於今日生活上網際網路的資訊交流，非常的方便。音樂是自古以來的一種聲音藝術，特別在這三、四百年來，在西方產生了交響樂，而在二十世紀時，在中國現代國樂團也應運而生，這本來不同領域的兩個世界，但是在這十多年來，卻產生樂隊與電腦多媒體結合，因而產生了一種嶄新的舞台音樂呈現方式。
近十年來，不管是國樂界或是西樂界，這類型演出非常的頻繁。這種的結合方式，除了改變演出的型態，開創一個新的演出型式，也改變了觀眾的欣賞方式，事實上是在傳統舞台音樂會純粹的「聽覺」習慣上，加上了「視覺」效果，讓聽眾的眼耳都能夠獲得雙重的美感和享受，是一種嶄新的音樂呈現方式。
台灣從1966年「中華文化復興運動」以後，國樂才正式獲得政府的重視，不但在教育機構成立專業的音樂科系來培養人才，也相繼成立了公立的專業國樂團，負責國樂演出並規劃相關的發展業務。從1987年台灣解嚴以後，兩岸的交流開始頻繁，大陸的國樂也逐漸和台灣交流，國樂的發展也更為蓬勃。
在早期的國樂演出都相當的傳統，觀眾在台下只能靜靜欣賞台上的演出，台面上只有刻板的演出動作，事實上只是一種純粹的聽覺美感而已。自從電腦發明以後，多項的媒體出現了結合，後來形成了多媒體的應用，這是一個集文字（Text）、圖形（Graphics）、聲音（Sound）、影像（Image）、動畫（Animation）、影片（Video）為一體，是一種集「聽覺」效果及「視覺」效果為一身的訊息傳遞方式。舞台表演的音樂，其實也是電腦聲音當中的一種，因此將舞台音樂表演與電腦多媒體結合在一起，在近十多年來，也被音樂界廣泛的應用。
至於樂隊與多媒體的結合這種表演藝術方式，譚盾從1985年以後把歌劇、能劇、京劇三種不同的歌劇形式，用多媒體和現場演出混搭的表演方式，這種樂隊與多媒體結合方式，也逐漸流行開來，特別是從2003年在紐約卡內基音樂廳首演《地圖》以後，這類的演出方式就逐漸出現。至於國樂樂隊與多媒體的結合，1999年台北傳統藝術季，兒童列車Ⅰ【蠟筆小新與鷸蚌相爭】的音樂會，是目前所知較早此類型的音樂會，只是當時的國樂界，尚無樂隊與多媒體結合的具體概念，是一種單純的業務應用而已。近十年來，不管是國樂界或是西樂界，這類型演出已非常的頻繁。
對於音樂規劃者、專業樂團表演者、電腦多媒體設計者來說，這是一項新的嘗試，不但要了解各自的領域之外，還要了解對方的領域，音樂不再是單純的音樂，它事實上已經結合了電腦多媒體以及劇場舞台的概念。對於音樂規劃者來說，這三個領域他都必須要涉獵；對於專業樂團表演者來說，他可能要涉獵舞台劇的肢體語言動作；對於電腦多媒體設計者來說，他也必須要了解音樂。這些事實上是一種新的跨界，在知識的獲得上，也是一種跨界，當然這種知識的獲得，必須仰賴教育機構的知識系統化和教育傳承。
文化大學中國音樂學系抓住了這種文藝思潮的脈動，把這樣的表演形式列為課程，給學生在音樂會當中實際實習，這是非常有意義的一個工作，而且教育機構主要是把這種知識系統化，讓這項新的表演型式能夠被繼承下來和獲得後續的發展。國樂與多媒體結合的方式，除了改變演出的型態，開創一個新的演出型式，也改變了觀眾的欣賞方式，從傳統的單純「聽覺」習慣，加上了新的「視覺」效果。這種新的表演型式，有些人贊成，也有些人反對，這些都無關緊要，最主要是這種新的表演型式，只要有繼承者與持續的發展，它就是對的。
In the 20th century, scientific development dominated the human civilization in every field. In the second half of the 20th century, since the creation of computer the multimedia application of computer, made the daily internet information interchange very convenient. Since ancient time, music is a form of vocal art. In During the recent 3~4 hundred years the symphony music had been flourished in the western countries. In the 20th century, the prototype of the modern Chinese music band had been founded as well. Yet in the last decade the interaction of these two different art forms, adopting the computer-multimedia technology, has given birth of a brand-new performance art on stage. In the decade, this kind of multimedia-assisted art performance is very common no matter in Chinese music or western music. This kind of combination not only changed the performance type and opened a new performance genre also modified the way of audience enjoy the show. In fact, it added the「visual」effect on the traditional stage concert pure 「hearing」habit, made the audiences eyes and ears can obtain the double senses of beauty and enjoyment. It is a brand-new type of music performance style.
From 1966, after the implement of the Chinese Culture Renaissance movement, Chinese music started to be taken seriously officially from the administration. The government not only established the professional music department to bring up personnel in educational institutes, also found the public professional Chinese music band one after another to take charge of the responsibility of the Chinese music performance and the related development plan. After, Taiwan’s lifting of martial law in 1987, the cross-strait interaction intensified dramatically, so did the communication of the Chinese music cross-strait. The development of Chinese music also became flourishing evermore.
In early days, the Chinese music performance was very traditional, while the audience can only enjoy the performance quietly under the stage, a sheer appreciation of one’s hearing sensation. Since the invention of computer, multiple media started to combine and turned out to be the multimedia application. It is a unity of texts, graphics, sounds, images, animations, and videos, an information convey composing by「Sound effects」and 「Visual effects」. The stage performed music, actually a kind of computerized sound, is widely applied by the music industry combineding the stage music performance and computer multimedia in the decade.
As to this pattern of performing art that combined the band and the multimedia, as early as Tan Dun had attempted the mix & match of multimedia and live performance of western opera, “Noh”, and “Beijing Opera” these three different forms of opera, the combination of band and multimedia has gradually become popular, especially since the first night of “The Map” in New York Carnegie Hall in 2003. After that, this type of performance had gradually emerged. As to the combination of Chinese music band and multimedia, the Taipei Traditional Art Season in year 1999,「Crayon Shin-chan & Snipe and the Mussel」concert by the Children Train I, is the earliest concept of this type presently known, as there had been no concrete concept of band and multimedia combination in Chinese music industry previously, that such combination was a sheer simple marketing application. But in the decade, not only in Chinese music industry but western music industry as well , this type of performance has become very frequent.
For the music organizers, the professional band performers, the computer multimedia designers, it is a new try. They should not only understand their own fields, but also understand the respective fields. Music is no longer the simple music; it actually has already combined the computer multimedia and theater-stage concept. For the music organizer , he may need to dabble at these three fields. For the professional band performer, he may need to dabble at the stage body language actions. Foe the computer multimedia designer, he may must to understand the music. And this is actually a new interdisciplinary behavior cross over, also a cross over in the acquisition of knowledge. Of course, this knowledge acquisition must rely on the knowledge systematization and the educational inheritage from educational institutes.
The Chinese Music Department of the Chinese Culture University grabs the pulsation of this innovative literature and art ideological trend, to list this performed pattern a class, let students can practical practice in the music concert, this is a very meaningful job. The main objective of the educational institute is main on make possible this knowledge systematization and the genre inheritage and continued development. The combination of Chinese music and multimedia not only altered the pattern of performance but also create a new performance genre and changed the means of appreciation of the audience from the traditional simple 「hearing」context to the addition of the new「visual」context.
Someone agreed with the new performance genre, but others stood on the opposite side, but it doesn’t matter, the most critical issue is as long as this new performance genre can has successors and continue to develop, and then it is correct. |
