湯尼‧莫莉森《最藍的眼睛》中的非裔美國女性之偽裝

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Title:	湯尼‧莫莉森《最藍的眼睛》中的非裔美國女性之偽裝
Authors:	鄭竣元
Contributors:	英國語文學系
Keywords:	認同 identity
Date:	2012
Issue Date:	2012-10-30 09:13:40 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	湯尼‧莫莉森《最藍的眼睛》描繪非裔美國女性在社會與經濟方面遭受歧視，於是她們試著透過族裔偽裝的策略來改善她們的社會地位。由於黑人女性在1940年代被白人社會所排斥，大多數的非裔美國女性明白迎合白人可提供階級向上提升的機會，為了達成這個目標，大多數莫莉森小說中的女性人物擅於模仿白人來獲得主流社會之認可。這些非裔美國女性迎合白人價值觀的舉動意味著她們接觸引誘其追求身體上的美之模範的傳播媒體影像，最後，她們意識到主流社會對於美的定義，而且對消費市場的誘惑力難以抵抗。現今，由於「瘦即美」的觀念，女性越來越重視外表上的美。今日對於她們利用節食與運動等手段試圖達成主流文化之標準並不感到驚訝，因此這部小說的確與現今的消費社會息息相關。本論文一共分成五部分: 序介紹1940年代美國的社會背景；第一章致力於研究白人社會如何塑造非裔美國女性之身份認同；第二章探究非裔美國人如何在白人社會的壓迫而心靈與肉體受害；第三章探討內化白人價值觀之後果；結論是黑人文化之喚起。本論文旨在檢視非裔美國女性為了在白人社會中生存發展出的策略。 Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye portrays the African-American females’ attempt to use racial masquerade as strategies for improving their social status. The black females were excluded from the white society in the 1940s; most African-American females realize that catering the white can provide opportunities of class upward mobility. In order to achieve this goal, most of the female characters in Morrison’s novels are good at imitating the whites to gain acceptance in the mainstream culture. The actions of catering the white values for those African-American females suggest that they are exposed to the images in mass media, inducing them to seek out models of physical beauty; eventually, individuals are more conscious of their own beauty defined by the mainstream culture and are unable to resist the allurement of the consumer market. Nowadays, females are increasingly becoming more concerned about their physical appearance because of the “slender is beautiful” concept. It is not surprising that women today try to meet the standards of the mainstream culture by means of diet, exercise, and so on. This novel The Bluest Eye is indeed socially relevant to today’s consumer society. This thesis is divided into five chapters. Introduction offers the 1940s American social context. Chapter One engages in studying how African-American females’ identities are shaped by the white society. Chapter Two explores how African Americans have been spiritually and physically victimized throughout the oppression of white society. Chapter Three discusses the consequences of internalizing white values. The Conclusion deals with the awakening of the black culture. This thesis aims at reviewing the strategies of survival of the African-American females in the white society.
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