| 摘要: | 根據內政部的統計資料，我國的老年人口於2008年止，為237萬人，占總人口比例10.3%，已超過聯合國衛生組織，所定高齡化社會的標準。國內已逐步邁入高齡社會，預估在2026 年，我國高齡人口將達20.6﹪。目前在探討老人的議題中，社會福利及醫療衛生問題是比較受到關注的，然而在高齡人口逐年增加的同時，提供老人有意義的教育學習活動以及友善學習環境空間，將有助於國民身體健康，並促進積極老化。
少子化現象下亦衍生出許多課題，其中以國小閒置空間為首要衝擊。以99年度教育部統計顯示，全國國小六年級畢業生每年有28 萬人，但2000年9 月入學之ㄧ年級新生只有21 萬人，未來將產生學校經營管理與校園空間閒置問題。因應台灣高齡化及低生育率之少子化的人口成長趨勢，本研究以台北市吉林國小為例，其校園規模由2004年的一千三百多人每年減少到現在僅約不到一千人之規模，因學生數逐年減少，空餘教室增加，產生閒置空間，故如何活用教育資源，已成為迫切之新課題。
經過調查吉林國小為台北市唯一將閒置空間轉化為高齡者學習環境，因此本研究將以吉林國小－台北市中山區樂齡學習中心為研究對象，實地調查台北市中山區樂齡學習中心之學習環境空間，透過文獻回顧法，了解校園活化、高齡學與老化、老人身心人體計測尺度；利用訪談法、問卷調查法，了解實證研究之成立與發展、高齡使用者對學習環境空間之滿意度調查，最後提出問題與對策，進而改善中山區樂齡學習中心之高齡者「友善的學習環境空間」，落實終身學習之意義。本研究結果除可供政府或相關部門未來核定高齡學習據點時的參考依據外，並可提供社區與學校改善現有高齡學習環境空間之參考，以提昇高齡學習之動機與成效。
According to demographics released by the Ministry of the Interior in2008, Taiwan's elderly population reached 2.37 million, accounting for 10.3 percent of the total population. The percentage of elderly citizens has exceeded the threshold the World Health Organization defines as aging society. It is estimated that by 2026, Taiwan's elderly population will reach 20.6%. In an aging society, social welfare and healthcare issues have attracted great attention. However, providing learning opportunities and a friendly learning environment is equally important for the elderly, which will help promote good health and make a positive difference to the aging society.
Low birth rate also creates new problems. We can see more and more unused space in public schools. According to the Ministry of Education statistics released in 2000, there were 280,000 sixth graders, but only 210,000 first graders. Consequently, school management and idle campus space will be a grave concern in the future. In order to respond to the aging trend in Taiwan, Taipei Municipal Jilin Elementary School, with less than 1,000 students in 2012, down from 1,300 in 2004, turns unused classrooms into a lifelong learning center for the elderly.
This study focuses on Jilin Elementary School’s approach to rejuvenating idle space. Literature review is used to understand the campus rejuvenation plan, elderly learning and aging, elderly physical and mental body measurement scale; interview. Questionnaires and interviews were conducted to understand user satisfaction of the learning environment. At the end, possible solutions are proposed to make a more elderly-friendly learning environment. The results of this study can serve as a reference for the government or relevant institutions when they approve new elderly learning centers. They can also serve as a reference for the community and schools to improve current use of the elderly learning space to attract more senior learners and to facilitate effective learning. |
