| 摘要: | 屋頂在建築物各部位語彙上有著安全、庇護的精神象徵，在實際環境中亦扮演著避風、擋雨、遮陽等重要功能。其在接受太陽日射熱輻射量亦是建築物各部位最高的構造，故屋頂在隔熱性能的要求上最嚴苛。若能有效的排除屋頂所接受的熱輻射量，降低熱能傳透至室內的機率，將可有效的改善室內舒適度。
本研究主要在藉由調查本研究案例先後期工程中，各房型屋架系統在設計上應有哪些應注意事項與施工過程中所遭遇到哪些的問題，並比較改變通氣隔熱工法之換氣開口面積以及增設機械強制排風兩種方式對室內溫度之影響。為達前述研究目的，本研究內容共分五章十四節，第一章利用舉證方式說明研究動機與目的，研究步驟、方法、流程做為接續研究基礎；第二章以論證方式進行文獻回顧，提出本研究之理論基礎；第三章以實證方式進行調查研究及初步調查結果分析；第四章提出課題與對策進行驗證；第五章則以研究結果及研究心得提出結論與建議。
研究結果得知，椽條式的屋架系統因其桿件垂直於簷口方向，無論屋頂為何種形式都在設計上較桁條式的屋架系統，更適合屋頂通氣隔熱工法之應用。在不同自然通氣開口面積的隔熱性能比較上，實驗組的進排氣開口總面積為最上層樓地板面積的1/300的開口率，其隔熱性能較對照組的進氣開口面積為最上層樓地板面積的1/900、排氣面積為最上層樓地板面積的1/1600之開口率的隔熱性能在室內1.0M處提升了102%~119%。其次，在同為最上層樓地板面積1/300的換氣開口面積的條件下，有開強制排熱風機的實驗組隔熱性能較未開啟排熱風機的對照組隔熱性能在室內1.2M處提升了147%~189%。最後，在不同換氣開口面積的條件下，實驗組通氣開口面積修改為進氣開口面積為最上層樓地板面積的1/900、排氣面積為最上層樓地板面積的1/1600之開口率後開啟排熱風機，其隔熱性能在室內1.2M處較進排氣開口總面積為最上層樓地板面積的1/300的開口率，且未開啟排熱風機的對照組提升了136%~152%。
Roof on the building components symbolize the security, shelter spiritually。It provides the protection from rain, typhoon and sun in the physical environment as well. It is the highest part of the building construction to accept the solar radiation heat directly, therefore, its insulation efficiency plays most critical role. If the thermal radiation heat can be excluded effectively to reduce the heat transfer to interior, it will highly improve indoor comfort.
This study mainly through the investigation of this case study compares the effectiveness of indoor temperature by changing the ventilation opening sizes of the natural ventilation and the provision of mechanical force effect of mechanical ventilation. As well as highlight the issues shall be aware of in the design phase and the problems probably encountered during the construction stage. This research content includes five chapters and 14 sections; first chapter describes the research motivation and purpose, research steps, method, and process as a foundation to complete the subsequent study. Second chapter refers to literature reviews, as the foundation theory of this research; third chapter demonstrates using the empirical way for investigation and the preliminary results analysis; fourth chapter raises topics and countermeasures for validation; fifth makes the conclusions and recommendations based on research results.
Research result concludes that the rafter roof system because of its joist member perpendicular to the direction of eaves, and regardless of the roof type, it is more suitable for the application of the heat insulation construction method of roof ventilation than the purlin system which roof joist runs parallel to the eaves. On the comparison of different amount area of heat insulation performance of natural ventilation openings, both of intake and exhaust openings of the experimental group with the total opening rate of 1/300 of the total area of the top floor area (TFA), its insulation properties efficiency outperforms the group with inlet open area of 1/900 of TFA, and the vent area 1/1600 of TFA openings by 102%~119% at 1 M above finished floor. Secondly, under the same amount ventilation openings of 1/300 of the TFA, the powered mechanical exhausted fan lifts the insulation performance 147~189% more at 1.2 M above finished floor than the natural ventilation.At the end, under different vent openings area, with powered mechanical fan, the experimental group intake opening area modified to 1/900 and exhausted opening modified to 1/1600 of TFA respectively, its insulation property is still outperforming by 136~152% to the total of intake and exhausted area 1/300th of TFA at 1.2M above finished floor without powered fan. |
