| 摘要: | 中 文 摘 要
由於社會變遷，女性加入職場的人數越來越多，在職場與家庭間忙碌奔波，經常會發生角色衝突現象，親職壓力相踵而來，其婚姻滿意度也會受到影響。因此本研究旨在探討育有學齡前幼兒之職業婦女，其親職壓力與婚姻滿意度間之相關性。
本研究以新北市中和區之已婚職業婦女為樣本進行調查，依據669份有效問卷所得資料進行敘述統計、信度分析、相關分析、獨立樣本t檢定、變異數分析、及迴歸分析後，獲致以下結論：
一、 已婚職業婦女整體親職壓力平均分數為2.40，以本研究五尺度衡量親職壓力感受並不算太高；整體婚姻滿意度平均分數為3.58，滿意程度並不算太低。
二、 背景變數中之「年齡」、「婚齡」、「教育程度」、「目前育有學齡前兒童之年齡」、「子女數」、「家庭總收入(月)」、「家庭型態」，對整體親職壓力或部分構面認知產生差異；「年齡」、「婚齡」、「教
II
育程度」、「子女數」、「家庭總收入(月)」、「家庭型態」則對整體婚姻滿意度或部分構面認知產生差異。
三、 「親職壓力」與「婚姻滿意度」兩變數，在整體變數或所有構面兩兩間皆呈現負向而顯著之相關性。
四、 已婚職業婦女之「背景變數」與「親職壓力」對「婚姻滿意度」具顯著之影響：「管教態度挫折」、「親子互動失調」、「社會孤離感受」、「親職能力限制」等親職壓力構面之分數越高，婚姻滿意度越低，且若為家庭總收入(月) 2萬～5萬以下(含)者婚姻滿意度也越低；然受訪者若為子女數二人、婚齡3年～8年以下(不含)者，其婚姻滿意度越則高。
關鍵字：職業婦女、親職壓力、婚姻滿意度
Abstract
As the social change, more and more women join into the job market. Career women bear both workplace and family stress, so they often encounter the role conflict, and by parenting pressure occur, their marital satisfaction is also be affected. Therefore, this study wants to explore the correlation between parenting pressure and marital satisfaction of career women who have preschooler children.
We experimented on married career women in Zhonghe Dist of New Taipei City, and bases on 699 useful questionnaires, we used statistical methods of descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, T test, ANOVA, and regression analysis, then get following results:
1. Married career women parenting pressure is under positive level (average is 2.40 of five scales), so their perception of pressure is not too high. Married career women marital satisfaction is over positive level (average is 3.58 of five scales), so their satisfaction is not too low.
2. Seven background variables of "age", "period of marriage", "educational level", "preschool age", "number of children", "household income", "family style" affect overall parenting pressure or its dimensions. Six background variables of "age", " period of marriage", "education level", "number of children", " household income ", "family style" affect overall marital satisfaction or its dimensions.
3. There are significant correlations between two variables of "parenting pressure" and "marital satisfaction" and all their dimensions.
IV
4. Both "background variables" and "parenting pressure" significant affect marital satisfaction. It shows "failure of rearing attitudes", "parent-child dysfunctional interaction", "alienate feelings from society", "restriction of parenting capacity" get significant and negative influence on marital satisfaction, and people who’s household income is between twenty thousand and fifty thousand dollars per moth has lower marital satisfaction, but people who’s children number is 2 or period of marriage is between three and eight years has higher marital satisfaction.
Keywords: career women, parenting pressure, marital satisfaction |
