| 摘要: | 中文摘要
按瑕疵擔保責任，於我國民法之討論，係屬重要課題。瑕疵擔保責任又可分為物之瑕疵擔保責任及權利之瑕疵擔保責任。又有鑑於瑕疵擔保責任，於我國民法最主要之體現係於買賣契約和承攬契約，而我國國內學說探討瑕疵擔保責任之議題，亦大多從此二者出發，故本文先藉由分別論述買賣契約及承攬契約之瑕疵擔保責任，以期能完整介紹我國法關於瑕疵擔保責任之相關規定，並以承攬契約之物之瑕疵擔保責任為本文之主軸。
日常生活中，小至民間住宅興建、大至政府工程發包，不論是新建或修繕道路、橋梁、機場、捷運等工程，均有承攬契約之適用。而民法承攬契約中又以瑕疵擔保之規定最為複雜、爭議性大，殊值得重視。一旦承攬工作物發生瑕疵時定作人該如何爭取、保護自身權益，此時，即有承攬契約之物之瑕疵擔保責任的規定可茲適用。因此，本文針對我國民法中關於承攬契約之瑕疵擔保責任的法律規定、相關要件、法律效果予以詳細介紹及論述。又因我國民法條文之制訂、修正大多係繼受或參看外國規定，故於文中亦會一併介紹外國立法例之相關規定(包括，德國、日本、美國、中華人民共和國)，尤其是針對德國民法，除因我國民法關於承攬人之瑕疵擔保責任的規定、體系大抵參看德國修正前的民法規定，又因德國民法經歷2002年之修正，故對於我國法而言更是有參考之價值。其次，針對承攬契約物之瑕疵擔保責任與不完全給付之二者競合關係，理論及實務之適用均極為重要，故本文亦有大篇幅之論述，尤其於最高法院作成96年度第8次民事庭會議決議後，該決議見解之內容、相關的評論及檢討，亦會一併論述之。最後，提出承攬契約物之瑕疵擔保責任於實務運用上所涉及的其他重要問題，因實務上常起疑義，故本文將會一一提出各項問題，輔以學者之說明，並配合最高法院之裁判為依據，說明基本理論與實務發展，並適時提出本文見解以此作結，供各界參考。
Abstract
According to the liability for warranty, in discussions of taiwan‘s civil law, it’s an important issue. The liability for warranty can be divided into production warranty liability and right’s warranty liability. Because the liability for warranty, it’s main provisions in the civil law are in the sale contract and the contract of construction. And discussions on the issue in our country, mostly starting from both. Therefore, the article through discussing the warranty about the sale contract and the contract of construction, it can complete introduction to the relevant provisions of the warranty. And focus on the warranty about the contract of construction in the article.
In daily life, from private residential construction to the large government projects, such as new or renovation projects such as roads, brideges, aioports, subway. Those types, there are the application of the Contract of Construction. In civil law, the contract of construction about the warranty is the most complex, controversial, and is worthy of attention. When the defect in the contract of work, how people should seek legal relief, protection of their rights, it is also an important issue. Therefore, for first the Contract of Construction about the warranty under the law, the relevant elements of the contract, the legal effect, those will to be introduced and discussed in detail. Because most of the formulation and amendment of legal provisions of civil law in Taiwan is refer or adopted by the provisions of foreign law, so in the papers will introduce and observe relevant provisions of foreign law (including, Germany, and Japan and the United States, the Mainland of China). Secondly, the relationship between warranty against defects of thing and deficient performance of a contract,it is important about the application of theory and practice.So this article also devote to introduce it. Finally, proposed the warranty about the contract of construction at the practice on the use of other important issues. In practice it is often has doubt, so it deserves attention. This article will introduce the problem and scholar of note,and basis the supreme court of the referee. Take this description of basic theory and practice of development, and timely to propose ideas to this end, for general reference. |
