| 摘要: | 道路圖描述從一個位置到達另一個位置的途徑，是圖像溝通中最基礎的一種類型。因此要設計一張視覺效果清楚又能傳達正確資訊的道路圖是個複雜的工作。現代通用的道路圖常因資訊過於複雜造成視覺上的干擾而難以使用，因而衍生出透過簡化技術來改善地圖清晰度以及強調道路主題的示意地圖 (Schematic map)。所謂的示意地圖是指一種利用概略圖形導向來提供清楚路線的地圖，道路並無實際的方向與位置，僅以簡化的線條及透過一些固定的角度來做線條上的變化。此種示意運輸圖在西歐、美國及日本等國已普遍使用，然而在台灣仍鮮少有示意地圖相關議題的研究。因此本研究先透過實驗設計地圖樣本，再經由問卷調查歸納出示意地圖上被需要的地圖要素，以及簡化前後的地圖之被接受程度。最後結果發現：第一、一般人對於公車路線示意地圖所必須要出現之要素為公車站是否為單雙邊設站、車站附近明顯地標、詳細時刻表、以及具有正確的方向性。第二，示意地圖最重要的步驟為簡括化，包含了地圖符號的簡化以及資料的簡化。最後透過問卷分析，發現在示意地圖的設計下，必須要注意地圖的詳細程度及地圖要素的數量，且線條及背景色彩必須搭配得當，及文字註記和線條需有色彩聯想，能使示意地圖發揮傳播資訊的效果。
Route map, which depict a path from one location to another, is one of the most common forms of graphic communication. Although creating a route map may seem to be a straightforward task, the underlying design of most route map is quite complex. Current route maps are often very difficult to use because there are very complicated, contain more information and difficult to use. To schematic map is developed, with generalization techniques to improve the map readability and to emphasize the subject of the map. Schematic map also use an orientation of outline graphic to provide a readable map. The road has no spatial relations with distance or orientations. Simplification lines to re-orientation of lines to conform to regular angle.
Schematic transportation maps are common used in Western Europe, American, and Japan, but are rarely studied in Taiwan. This study with graphic design and questionnaires, what elements has been needed on the schematic maps for people, and the acceptance of the generalization of schematic map before and after. In conclusion have three point. First, elements for bus road schematic map are the station is bilateral or single, the landscape nearby the station, timetable, and accurate direction of the map. Second, the important step of schematic map is generalization, contain the generalization of the symbol on the map and data. Final, by the questionnaires analysis we find some point, design on the schematic map, have be attention to the number of map elements, and color of line and background have be match properly, text and line have to be association, its can made the schematic map can convey the information excellent. |
