| 摘要: | 由於國內傳統產業工程設計人員培育不易且流動性高。工程公司在承攬國內外工程時，常面臨人員不足及成本過高等因素之影響。因此必須將設計工作切割成數區塊外包成本較低的國內外工程公司協同設計，以降低成本並提升價格競爭力。從文獻及實務經驗觀察，工程專案跨國設計外包管理問題所涉及的影響因子非常眾多且複雜。因此，本研究之目的期能為工程設計公司設計外包管理者建立外包管理模型以探討產生工程設計專案動態過程中的外包管理問題與對策參考。
研究結果顯示工程設計公司設計外包管理的問題甚多，外包承攬工程設計公司設計缺失、外包預算編列缺失、工程設計時程安排缺失、主承攬工程設計公司工程分包數等構面產生的設計錯誤率並非突發或單純的事件而是具有相互影響深遠的因果環路關係。因此、設計錯誤率可作為工程設計公司設計外包管理問題觀察依據。
本研究建議工程設計公司進行設計外包管理時需更深入的策略思考。同時、外包管理者在進行設計外包作業規劃時需將設計能力、預算編列、時程安排及分包數等因素搭配完整配套措施及綜合性考量以降低設計外包管理決策風險。
With recent development in science and technology, domestic engineering companies often face a hard time in keeping and training their employees due to the high labor turnover rate. Whenever these companies handle projects, it always struggle with inadequate and high labor cost. In order to avoid these problems and to keep competitive price, engineering companies often forced to split work into smaller parts and outsource them to other lower cost companies.
By the extensive literature review and practical experience in observation, basically outsourcing management problems of engineering design are very complication and involved many imapct of factors. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to establish outsourcing management model in international engineering design projects by using System Dynamics and to explore the outsourcing management issues of engineering project dynamic process and countermeasure.
By analyzing the graphical SD model, it is conclused that, (1) Problems faced by engineering design companies such as design performance, budgeting, schedule and scale of subcontacting design project are neither simple nor accidental events, they affect each other in a complicated way. (2) Error fraction in the design stage is caused by the complex interactions of the four aforementioned sub-systems.; most of the time, solution is often offered to overcome apparent problem, which may provide temporary solution, but not in the long term. To solve the problems effectively, engineering design compancies have to understand the influencing factors, interactions, time delays, and structures underneath the superficial problems beforehand. By using System Dynamics, it is possible to identify the root of such problems. In this regard, a more detail analysis of outsourcing management in international engineering design companies need to be conducted. |
