| 摘要: | 本研究的目的在於了解臺灣新娘於傳統婚禮儀式籌備間的雙文化自我呈現、內在衝突、以及個體面對這些內在衝突所採取的自發調適方式。本研究試圖回應以下問題：一、傳統婚禮的情境下，新娘之雙文化自我與四元自我的呈現為何，二、籌備婚禮儀式過程中，新娘經歷的自我衝突有哪些類型，三、個體如何自發調適或避免經歷內在自我的衝突。
本研究訪談10位已完成傳統婚禮儀式一年內的新娘。傳統婚禮儀式是指「儀節上包含有媒人、下聘之婚禮儀式，且不以宗教性儀式(祭祖除外)為婚禮儀式主軸者」，研究的傳統婚禮儀式籌備期，自新人返家告知父母準備結婚開始，歷經媒人議婚、下聘、至迎娶宴客完畢為止。
採用半結構式深入訪談法，以一對一的形式取得新人於此過程中的內在經驗，訪談一至兩次，分析框架係利用楊國樞等人(2010)編制之編碼表加以修正，建立符合本研究現象場的框架後，進行質性資料的分析，以了解此一過程間雙文化自我的呈現、衝突、以及具體的調適情況。
本研究主要有三點發現：(一)嘗試理解並分析雙文化自我的日常樣貌，建立一套簡易分析四元自我的架構，並發現雙文化自我對理解新娘的內在有很高的分析力，(二)發現籌備傳統婚儀期間，新娘內在很容易產生不一致、甚至衝突，其中最重要的兩種衝突分別是雙文化自我不一致、及次級自我內不一致，較少的是社會取向自我內不一致，並發現個體次級自我不一致時，似乎有優先滿足社會取向自我之傾向，(三)關於如何調適此一內在衝突的部份，本研究發現，由於新娘有優先滿足社會自我、延宕滿足個人自我的情況，並因此經歷負面情緒，且單獨滿足個人自我無法使新娘不經歷負面情緒，反而會因為社會自我的不滿足使新娘經歷更強烈的負面情緒，所以若主體我能規劃出一個可滿足全數、或較多數自我支持的行動，會使個體經驗到較少的衝突，並獲致較好的適應；個體要回復內在和諧有兩個路徑：1、若有一可滿足多數自我之行動無法順利完成時，則可透過主體我主動、或被動地喚起其他社會取向自我，使該行動變為可滿足多數自我需求，以取得和諧，2、對個人取向自我的需求而言，不論某個行動是否可滿足多數自我需求，重點是個人自我需求必須滿足，延宕滿足的個人自我需求，必須獲得滿足才能重新取得和諧。
透過本研究得知雙文化自我需求都有其重要性，且任何一者的不滿足都會使個體經歷負面情緒，因此增進主體我對次級自我需求的覺知、轉換、與統整能力，將能有助於籌備婚儀的新娘面對內在需求矛盾，與其導致的負面情緒時，更有功能地找出能滿足所有需求的行動。
本研究透過與研究同儕共同討論、研究者的反思、並將分析的結果與受訪者進行檢核，以增進研究信實度。
The purpose of this study is to understand the inner representation and adjustment of bicultural self of Taiwanese brides, trying to answer following questions: (1) what is the exactly representation of bicultural self of brides under the traditional wedding situation, (2) what is the most important inner conflict type which the brides had experienced, and (3) how do the brides adjust or try to avoid inner conflict.
This study interviewed ten brides who have already gone through their traditional wedding within a year. The traditional wedding is characterized by women matchmaker, betrothal money and non-religious ceremonies. The traditional wedding preparation starts from the lovers ask their parents for wedding permission until the wedding party.
Semi-unstructured interview is used to collect brides experience data. Data is analyzed with a modified coding book which is developed by Yang. K. S et al. (2011) in order to fit in the traditional wedding situation.
There are three findings of this study: (1) an concise frame is constructed to analyze and outline bicultural self during bride daily life, (2) during the traditional wedding preparation it’s easy to have inner conflicts, and the most important type of inner conflicts are conflict between bicultural selves and conflict within objective selves, (3) brides often satisfied social-oriented self demands first and experience negative emotion feelings which comes from procrastinating individual-oriented self demand. When there is an action which can satisfy all the objective selves, the individual will experience less adjustment requirements. If there is no such an action, choosing the action which can satisfy most objective self can also make individual experience less adjustment requirement. There are two paths for individual getting back inner harmony, (1) if there is an action which can satisfy most objective self can’t be carried out, the individual can through arousing demands of social oriented self to make the action become able to satisfy most objective selves, (2) if there is an individual self demand that can’t be satisfied, no matter how many objective selves can be satisfied the individual will continue experience negative emotions until the individual-oriented self demand have been satisfied.
Though this study we know that bicultural self demands are both important, especially the social-oriented self demands. By enhancing the ability of subjective self to know, to switch, and to synthesize objective selves, can improve bride inner harmony and reduce adjustment requirement.
The public accountability of this study is ensured by peer review, reporting the researcher reflection, and checking the report with participants. |
