烯烴嵌段共聚物/熱塑性聚胺基甲酸酯環保彈性體材料之製備及性質研究

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Title:	烯烴嵌段共聚物/熱塑性聚胺基甲酸酯環保彈性體材料之製備及性質研究
Authors:	廖宗慶
Contributors:	化學工程與材料工程學系
Keywords:	烯烴嵌段共聚物 Olefin block copolymer 熱塑性聚胺基甲酸酯 Thermoplastic polyurethane 馬來酸酐 Maleic anhydride 己二胺 Hexamethylenediamine
Date:	2012
Issue Date:	2012-10-11 10:07:08 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	本研究探討烯烴嵌段共聚物(Olefin block copolymer, OBC)與熱塑性聚胺基甲酸酯(Thermoplastic polyurethane, TPU)環保材料之性質，使用混練機(Mixer)以熔融方法將OBC作為基材，以過氧化物(Dicumyl Peroxide, DCP)為接枝起始劑，首先將過氧化物(DCP)與馬來酸酐(Maleic anhydride, MA)混合並且在165 oC與OBC混練，以製成OBC-g-MA，再與己二胺(Hexamethylenediamine, HMDA)反應製成OBC-g-HMDA，最後將OBC、OBC-g-MA、OBC-g-HMDA與TPU在200 oC下，混練製成OBC/TPU、OBC-g-MA/TPU與OBC-g-HMDA/TPU。由傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀(Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy)分析中可以發現，MA確實接枝於OBC上；當摻入HMDA後，MA則會開環與HMDA反應而產生新的特徵峰。由X光繞射分析儀(X-ray diffraction system) 的測試中，OBC改質後雖然改善了合膠的相容性，但並無出現其他的繞射峰，表示結晶型態並無改變。從穿透式電子顯微鏡(Transmission electon microscope)的照片中，顯示了改質後的系統具有較好的分散性與相容性。在熱性質方面也利用示差掃描熱卡計(Differential scanning calorimetry)與熱重分析儀(Thermo gravimetric analyzer)進行熱性質的分析，經由DSC測試的結果顯示改質後的系統，OBC的結晶溫度較未改質OBC/TPU系統高約1~2度；經由TGA測試的結果，其改質後系統的熱穩定性明顯高於未改質系統。在拉伸測試方面，改質後的系統，無論在拉伸強度與楊氏係數都高於未改質OBC/TPU系統。 The Olefin block copolymer (OBC) was pre-mixed with 0.2 phr dicumyl peroxide (DCP), 1.5 phr maleic anhydride (MA) and 0.5 phr hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) to form OBC-g-HMDA and OBC-g-MA at 165 oC Then, variable amounts of OBC, OBC-g-MA and OBC-g-HMDA were mixed with TPU at 200 oC to prepare OBC/TPU, OBC-g-MA/TPU and OBC-g-HMDA/TPU blends, respectively. The results of FT-IR (Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy) suggested that MA and HMDA were essentially grafted on OBC. The results from XRD (X-ray diffraction) experiments revealed that all blends with or without modification displayed similar diffraction patterns, indicating that the modification didn’t cause a visible change in the crystalline structure. TEM (Transmission electron microscope) images showed that the OBC-g-MA/TPU blends displayed significantly finer morphology. And the reduced particle size in the dispersed phase was better than that of OBC/TPU blends. From the result of DSC (Differential scanning calorimetry), the crystallization temperature of OBC increased 1 to 2 oC for OBC-g-MA/TPU blends in comparison with OBC/TPU blends due to TPU induced nucleation effect from TPU under enhanced specific interaction between OBC-g-MA and TPU. The result of TGA (Thermo gravimetric analyzer) revealed that the modified systems showed higher thermal stability than the unmodified systems over the investigated temperature range due to the enhanced interaction through inter-bonding and the usage of functionalized OBC. From tensile test, the tensile strength and Young’s modulus were higher for modified systems than those for OBC/TPU blends.
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