中共「中央顧問委員會」之回顧研究

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Title:	中共「中央顧問委員會」之回顧研究
Authors:	潘振聲
Contributors:	中山與中國大陸研究所中國大陸組
Keywords:	鄧小平 Deng Xiaoping 中顧委 The Central Advisory Commission 文化大革命 The Cultural Revolution 四個現代化 Four Modernizations 傳幫帶 mentoring
Date:	2012
Issue Date:	2012-10-09 09:50:18 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	中共中央顧問委員會，(以下簡稱為中顧委)，其設置的背景，主要是文革後，在中共黨十一屆三中全會，從地方到中央領導幹部團隊年齡偏大的現象特別突出。本文為探討鄧小平改革開放及四個現代化的推動，有鑒於此一問題的嚴重性而大力倡導下，於1982年黨的第十二次全國代表大會通過了修改黨章，在「中央委員會」下增設「中顧委」的組織，並提昇「中央紀律檢查委員會」，作為解決中共黨中央領導機構新老交替的作用，目的是使中共黨中央委員會年輕化，同時將一些老幹部退居第二線後，繼續發揮其”傳幫帶”的作用，以及作為中央委員會在政治上的助手和參謀。中顧委委員都有40年(含)以上的黨齡，並由共產黨全國代表大會選舉產生。中顧委是一種過渡性質的組織，及廢除領導幹部職務終身制和建立退休制、幹部年輕化，推展四個現代化以及改革開放的政策。並於1992年中共「十四大」完成歷史任務後撤銷中顧委的組織，同時，藉以驗證鄧小平設置中顧委的功能及其所發揮的重要作用。 The Advisory Committee of the CPC Central Committee, abbreviated as the Central Advisory Commission, was established to resolve the prominent issue of the increasing age of the leading cadres in both local and central departments of the Chinese Communist Party in the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party after Cultural Evolution. The purpose of the paper is to explore Deng Xiaoping’s reform and opening up as well as his promotion of the Four Modernizations. In 1982, in view of the serious age problem, the party’s Twelfth National People’s Congress passed the revised party platform to establish the organization of the Central Advisory Commission under the CPC Central Committee and improve the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection so that the older generation leadership of the CPC Central Committee can be replaced by the younger generation leadership, making the CPC Central Committee younger, and that the senior cadres can continue to play their mentoring role and act as political aides and advisors as they relegate to the second line. All of the members of the Central Advisory Commission, elected by the National People’s Congress of the Communist Party of China, have a Party standing for forty years or more. The Central Advisory Commission is a transitional organization dedicated to the abolition of lifelong employment in government, the establishment of the retirement system, making the ranks of cadres younger in average age, and the promotion of the four modernizations and the policies of opening up revolution. It was revoked in 1992 when the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China completed its historical mission. The paper is also an attempt to verify the functions of the Central Advisory Commission that was established by Den Xiaoping and to discuss the vital roles it plays.
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