The purposes of riparian vegetation investigation at Liukuei experiment forest were to understand vegetation characteristics for offering effective suggestion to develop forestry ecology management in the future. Plants within 20 plots in which each size of the plot was ten by ten square meters were investigated and analyzed. There were 147 species and 4 vegetation types basing on cluster analysis within all plots. The differentiation of vegetation was associated with altitude change. The vegetation types from low to high altitude were as follows: Araucaria cunninghamii, Lagerstroemia subcostata, Turpinia formosana, and Cunninghamia konishii. Most natural dominant woody plants showed anti-J shaped of population structure that indicated self-regeneration in situ can be completed without significant human being disturbance.