| 摘要: | 金針菇水萃取物或加工殺菁液含有豐富的多醣體、蛋白質與小分子化合物，先前之計畫成功的利用膜超過濾劃分分離出一個具有免疫活性之(1, 3)-β-葡萄聚醣與含有酪胺酸酶抑制物區分，以及蛋白質區分，並使用冷凍-解凍循環方法回收(1, 3)-β-葡萄聚醣。文獻指出由舞菇分離出一化學結構與本計畫所獲得之(1, 3)-β-葡萄聚醣相似之多醣，具有刺激膠原蛋白的生合成、清除自由基和降低因子UVA 誘發的人類間質膠原蛋白酶的基因表現。本計畫擬組合(1, 3)-β- 葡萄聚醣與酪胺酸酶抑制物區分探討其生理活性，擬以三年期程來研究以下目標： 1. 以膜超過濾萃取技術，回收金針菇殺菁液中的(1, 3)-β-葡萄聚醣及酪胺酸酶抑制物，並建立β-聚葡萄醣與酪胺酸酶抑制物在之分離流程中之質量平衡(mass balance)關係，為達到最大回收量與純度。 2. 以物理及化學降解方式取得不同分子量之區分，期望以降低金針菇β-D-聚葡萄醣之分子量來提高其溶解度，並為確定降低分子量後之β-D-聚葡萄醣仍具有活性，將進行生理活性實驗。 3. 檢測及比較其原有多醣及其降解物的生理活性，或與酪胺酸酶抑制物組合後的生理活性的差異。生理活性包括抗氧化性、纖維細胞增殖力、膠原蛋白的生合成及黑色素的抑制。
Hot-water extract of “enokitake” (Flammulina velutipes), also called golden needle mushroom, contains high contents of β-(1, 3)-D-glucans and tyrosinase inhibitor. According the literatures, the β-(1, 3)-D-glucans in enokitake had diverse molecular mass from 85 kDa to more than 1000 kDa and the molecular weight of tyrosinase inhibitor was estimated less than 10 kDa. In the previous study, we successfully separated these two molecular categories by means of ultra-filtration membrane technique. Meanwhile, the β-(1, 3)-D-glucans were recovered efficiently by freeze-thaw cycles. It was reported that exopolysaccharides obtained from mycelial culture of G. frondosa contributed to inhibitory action in photoaging skin by reducing the MMP 1-related matrix degradation system, which were similar structurally to those from enokitake. The objective of the proposal is to study on the biological activity of β-(1, 3)-D- glucans, tyrosinase inhibitor and the combination of both fractions. We intend to reach the followings in three years: 1. Owing to the maximal recovery, the mass balance is studied during the process of ultra-filtration for the separation of the β-(1, 3)-D- glucans and tyrosinase inhibitor. 2. The different molecular weights of β-(1, 3)-D- glucans from enokitake will be obtained by means of ultrasonic degradation or acid hydrolysis in order to reach a better solubility. 3. The biological activities of the native polysaccharide, its degradation products, tyrosinase inhibitor and the combination of fractions will be investigated and compared, which are anti-oxidation, the proliferation of collagen synthesis, and inhibition of melanin. |
