以巴全面性和平條約之法律分析

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题名:	以巴全面性和平條約之法律分析
作者:	王志文
日期:	2008
上传时间:	2009-09-07
摘要:	二○○七年十一月二十七日，美國在馬里蘭州的安那波利斯市(Annapolis)召開了一項重要的中東和平會議，其目的在為長久以來懸而未決的以巴衝突尋求最終的解決方案，並為以巴和平進程提出最新的時程與目標，以達成巴勒斯坦之獨立建國。根據以巴雙方在會中所達成之＜共同諒解＞（Joint Understanding），雙方同意立即展開雙邊協商，並將盡一切努力，設法於二○○八年年底之前達成一項能解決所有爭議之和平條約（peace treaty）；而未來該和平條約之履行，應具體落實二○○三年中東和平路徑圖（the road map）之規劃。可以預期，未來以巴間之和平協商仍將在中東和平路徑圖之框架下進行。至於該＜共同諒解＞中所稱之和平條約，自應涵蓋巴勒斯坦之獨立建國，以及未來以巴關係之正常化等；此外，亦應涵蓋該路徑圖第三階段中所規劃之＜永久地位協定＞（the permanent status agreement），俾能解決包括邊界、耶路撒冷、難民、屯墾區等存在已久之難解課題。值此中東和平進程邁入關鍵時刻之際，本計畫之提出應具有高度之時效性及現實意義。本計畫擬分三年完成：第一年分析追蹤該和平條約之協商過程以及其中可能引發之種種法律爭議，第二年逐條檢視探討該和平條約之規範內容，以及該條約與路徑圖之相容性，第三年則研究考察該和平條約之落實問題及其對中東局勢之影響。本計畫之進行，將密切配合中東和平進程之最新動向，期能在此一學術領域中有所貢獻。 AMiddle East Peace Conference was hosted by the United States in Annapolis on 27 December 2007, with a view to a final solution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict heretofore unresolved. A new timetable for the peace process has been set, leading to the eventual establishment of a Palestinian state. According to the Joint Understanding reached by Israel and the Palestinian Authority, the two sides have agreed to immediately launch bilateral negotiations and make every effort to conclude a peace treaty resolving all outstanding issues before the end of 2008. Unless otherwise agreed, implementation of the future peace treaty shall be subject to the implementation of the 2003 road map. As may be expected, future peace negotiations will be carried out within the framework of the road map. The peace treaty will thus cover the establishment of the Palestinian state and the normalization of the Israeli-Palestinian relations. Such a peace treaty will also deal with issues on borders, Jerusalem, refugees and settlements, which should be addressed in the so-called permanent status agreement contemplated in Phase III of the road map. As the peace process in the Middle East is entering into a critical phase, the present research project may be considerably significant in terms of timing and practical value. It is proposed to accomplish the project in three years. Efforts will be made to follow up the negotiation process and pinpoint the legal issues arising wherefrom in the first year. The provisions of the peace treaty will be thoroughly examined in the second year, followed by an assessment of the issues on implementing the peace treaty in the third year. As this research project coincides with the developing peace process of the Middle East, it is envisaged to achieve academic contribution.
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