| 摘要: | 中文摘要
本研究旨在探討：一、不同技能水準的排球選手跳躍發球前不同時段的前線索表現程度；二、不同技能水準的排球選手跳躍發球前不同時段的預期能力；三、探討不同知覺訓練對排球選手跳躍發球之預期能力準確性的影響。以48位不同技能水準的男子排球選手為受試者，將其分為優秀組 ( 年齡20.7±1.50歲，球齡8.8±2.32年，身高175.3±.50公分，體重71.0±8.05公斤 )、一般組 ( 年齡19.0±1.50歲，球齡2.2±.92年，身高173.3±4.46公分，體重68.3±12.16公斤 )，再區分為 (一)優秀訓練組、(二) 優秀控制組、(三) 一般訓練組與 (四) 一般控制組等四組。正面拍攝跳躍發球畫面，再以時間遮蔽法將畫面剪輯成預備動作拋球助跑至空中揮臂觸球前50毫秒、觸球前20毫秒與觸球瞬間、觸球後20毫秒，每格畫面定格為三秒。將剪輯後的畫面為測試題目，經過三週 ( 一週三次，共九次 ) 不同知覺訓練，讓受試者判斷發球之落點為5號、6號、1號。將每位受試者判斷正確的次數為該選手的預期能力得分，選手本身的影片被正確預期的次數為該選手的前線索表現得分。所得資料以二因子與三因子混和設計變異數分析，加以處理。本研究發現：一、較高技能水準的排球選手對跳躍發球的預期能力優於一般組，且能比一般選手對跳躍發球的前線索能更早做出預期；二、知覺訓練對排球選手在預期跳躍發球的預期能力有顯著效果，且有接受知覺訓練的訓練組，其訓練效果優於控制組；三、在不同時段的前線索表現和預期能力達顯著差異，即距離完成發球動作時間愈長，則預期的前線索愈少，所預期的能力也愈低（觸球前50毫秒 < 觸球前20毫秒 < 觸球瞬間），但在觸球後20毫秒，因球已擊出至不同接發球位置 ( 6號位、1號位 ) 與角度和方向相似，而影響預期的準確性；四、在前線索表現上，國家組與優秀組之間，則對於所暴露的前線索皆無顯著差異。所得資料可提供排球訓練參考。
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate: (1) The proformance of pre-cue in different service timing which different skill level players did when jump serve; (2) how to anticipate different skill level players jump serve.in different service timing; (3) The influence of different perceptive trainings to anticipate jump serve.
Totally 48 different skill level male volleyball players as subjects, divided into elite level ( age: 20.7±1.50, number of year that playing volleyball 8.8±2.32, height 175.3±.50cm, body weight 71.0±8.05kg ), the middle level ( age:19.0±1.50, number of year that playing volleyball 2.2±.92, height 173.3±4.46cm, weight 68.3±12.16kg ), separating into 4 groups: I Experts Training, II Experts Controlling, III Normal Training, and IV Normal Controlling.The subjects’ jumping serve motive were recorded by using time masking method from the front, and were edited into tests with scenes of 50ms,and 20ms before hit, hit ball, and 20ms after hitting ball. Each scenesstoped for 3 seconds. After 3 weeks different perceptive trains ( 3 times a week )., and letting the subjects to judge the position of landing.
The data collected were analysied by SPSS, with 3-way ANOVA and 2-way ANOVA, the significance level was set at α＝.05. This study conclucted that: (1) The anticipation to jump serve of volleyball players with better skill levels were better than normal players. (2) Perceptive trainings showed no significant influence on players’ anticipation to jump serve. (3) The pre-cue ability at different serve timeing were significantly related to anticipation;which means, the longer the time was from serving, the ability to anticipate was lower, and the pre-cues for anticipation were fewer (50ms<20ms |
