在經濟發展的過程中，台灣人口不斷向大都市集中，帶動了大都市周圍聚落的發展。然而，隨著人口的集中與增加，交通的運輸量大增，不但促使交通意外案件的頻率上升，流行性疾病也容易快速感染傳播；醫療技術與生活條件的改善，也促成慢性疾病的患者日益增多。隨著緊急醫療網絡的建立，緊急醫療救護已成為消防單位最主要的業務。本研究是以台北縣消隊第三大隊之淡水分隊為例，以民國98年度救護案件的資料依據，利用GIS的空間分析功能，了解該分隊案件的分佈狀況，並以案件的空間分佈，來探討目前的分隊的區位配置是否合乎效益；以統計分析的方式嘗試找出案件的特性與影響案件量的因素。本研究發現，救護案件在空間上的分佈，會因為案件類型的不同而有所差異，但主要以人口聚集的城鎮與聚落為主要的分佈地區。研究區的案件以車禍造成的傷害與內科急症為主要的案件類型，且不同的年齡層，所引發的案件類型有明顯的差異；且在各月份與不同時段案件量的變化也有所差異。在案件的覆蓋率方面，該轄區分隊的緊急醫療服務，在一般救護案件時，其覆蓋率超過九成，是符合效率的；但在危急案件的覆蓋率是不符合效率的。本文最後討論處理案件資料時所會遭遇到的問題。
In economic development's process, the population increased and centralized to the towns and cities in Taiwan. It was not only increased traffic but also makes up the frequency of traffic accidents. The concentration of population accelerates the spread of infectious diseases, and the advances in medical technology also make chronic diseases increases. The emergency medical network had been establish in Taiwan, and the Emergency Medical Services has become the main business for the fire brigade since 1980s. This study discusses whether the location of Fire brigade is cost-effective, using the spatial analysis functions of GIS, and try to find out the characteristics and factors of the cases collected from the study area. This study attempts to identify the characteristics of the cases and the factors that affect the caseload, and understand the efficiency of the fire brigade, through the spatial distribution of cases. The study found that the different types of cases have the different spatial distribution, through it still distributed in the concentrated population of urban. The main types of cases in study area are accident and medical disease and it vary, depending on the time of year and age. The unit's service coverage, can cover over ninety percent of cases, and implies that location of the unit is cost-effective, but it’s not cost-effective in the OHCA patients.
