| 摘要: | 籃球運動同時具備高速度、高對抗性與團隊精神競賽特性，是目前世界上最風行的運動項目之一。本研究目的為探討大專籃球聯賽公開組第二級球員在參賽時所遭遇的風險因子，協助球隊預防參賽的風險並提升選手的運動表現。本研究方法為問卷調查法，以大專校院九十九學年度籃球聯賽公開組第二級男、女生組球員為母群體，隨機抽取各區 (共分北、中、南三區)男、女生組各五支球隊共三十支球隊，以「籃球運動員參賽風險因子調查表」施測，有效樣本共397份，運用敘述性統計、t-test、單因子變異數分析及薛費法 (Scheffe)等統計方法進行分析。本研究結果顯示：不同性別在器材與規程、團隊紀律問題及比賽經驗、自我管理因素等構面上達到顯著差異(p<.05)；不同地區在心理、管理問題、人員因素、臨時狀況及心理應變、自我管理因素等構面上達到顯著差異(p<.05)；不同攻守位置在個人、場地、比賽準備問題及比賽經驗因素等構面上達到顯著差異(p<.05)。結論為不同性別間身體素質、學校重視程度及參賽隊伍數量不同，使得在器材與規程、團隊紀律問題及比賽經驗、自我管理因素等構面上有所影響；不同地區在各學校招生、管理方式及專業認知上的不同，使得在心理、管理問題、人員因素、臨時狀況及心理應變、自我管理因素等構面有所影響；不同攻守位置在體能結構、出手次數的差異，使得在個人、場地、比賽準備問題及比賽經驗因素等構面上有所影響。建議教練在訓練體能、技戰術外，不可忽視對於心理素質的提升、比賽經驗的累積，提升臨場應變能力，並教育正確的自我管理觀念。
Basketball was not only a competitive high-speed sport which was with cohesion and team-sperm, but also one of most popular spectator and entertaining sports in the world. The purpose of this study was to investigate the basketball players who encountered the competition risk factors in the University Basketball Level II Tournament, and then to assist sport team in avoiding risk factors and enhancing the chances of triumph. The method was used questionnaire survey. Thirty University Basketball Level II Tournament teams were from Northern, Middle, and Southern Taiwan, which divided into male teams (n=5) and female teams (n=5). “The Assessing Basketball Players’ Competition Risk Factors” was used as the assessment tool. 450 samples based on proportional stratified cluster sampling were collected, of which 397 samples were valid. The return rate was 88.2%. The received data were analyzed by the analysis of descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Schffe’s multiple comparisons. The significance level was set at α=.05. The results revealed that a significance difference (p<0.5) was detected for the competition risk factors of basketball players in different genders; and an interaction (p<0.5) between different genders with equipments and rule types, disciplines and match experiences. The ANOVA indicated a significant main effect (p<0.5) for different regions, and a significant interaction effect different regions-by-personal, courts, preparations for matches and experiences was found. It revealed that a significant interaction (p<0.5) between differently offensive and defensive position and those facets personal, courts, preparation for matches. In conclusion, first of all, physical quality, the degree of school’s value, the numbers of participant groups in varied genders have an significant effects on equipments and rule types, team disciplines and match experiences as well as self-management. Furthermore, student recruitment, management styles, and professional cognition in different regions affect mental factor and management, personnel, on-court situation, and adaptivity in mind, as well as self-management. Finally, self-management in physically anatomical structure, difference of shooting in varied offensive and defensive position have an influence on personal, court, preparation for matches, and match experiences. It was suggested that except of physical conditioning and tactics and skills coaching, coaches might not neglect promoting mental quality, accumulating match experiences, advancing on-court adaptivity. The correct education of self-management concept will fit athletes in lifetime. |
