Theremin於互動式電腦音樂的應用

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Title:	Theremin於互動式電腦音樂的應用
Authors:	張淑惠
Contributors:	數位機電科技研究所
Keywords:	電腦音樂 Arduino MAX/MSP Theremin
Date:	2010
Issue Date:	2011-10-20 10:07:19 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	此研究的目的在透過非觸覺式電子感應器Theremin，設計一能控制互動式音樂表演藝術的相關系統。Theremin為蘇俄的一位電子工程師所發明，上有天線的裝置，藉由感測表演者手部與天線位置的距離，來改變電容值，進而振盪出不同的音律。即透過手部的動作變化，不需配戴任何訊號發射器，只要在空中移動，便能演奏旋律。我們首先將傳統式的Theremin加以改良，設計一數位式的Theremin。數位式Theremin的定義為，一切的控制與傳輸皆為離散數據式的。設計的方法是藉由Microcontroller軟硬體平台界面-Arduino電路板，將類比式Theremin所產生的訊號傳送到電腦，便可結合電腦數位音樂軟體MAX/MSP而做出變化。依程式設計可達到連續或離散音階的選項，以及MIDI參數(MAX)與數位音訊(MSP)的改變。MAX/MSP是一套可以做儲存資料、數值運算、處理MIDI訊號接收及傳送的程式語言。有別於其他程式語言複雜的程式碼，MAX/MSP使用了圖像語言來編輯，其Java的操作環境與Arduino的類Java環境相通。最後我們依據上述設計結果，擴大整合完成一全新四組一體式的Theremin(Quad-Theremin)的設計與實體，其內包含Arduino的多工介面與外接USB的插口，經連至電腦與MAX/MSP結合，達成能讓兩或三人互動操控的音樂演奏系統，包含旋律演奏、音色改變、音量、產生固定音階，或是加入顫音、回音等變化。我們以MAX/MSP設計了各種應用的表現方式，並完成實體由兩人表演的測試。 A novel designed system that uses modified Theremins for non-haptic interactive music control is presented. Without wearing any electronic glove or device, player with free hands and fingers movement is able to control the music content in a dynamic way, which can be applied to interactive music performance or gaming design. Four sets of antenna are used in this apparatus named Quad-Theremin to control four channels of MIDI (MAX) messages or digital audios (MSP). We use the Arduino micro-controller to interface the Quad-Theremin to the MAX/MSP running on a PC. Arduino is programmed by Processing Language, a language similar to Java and is compatible to MAX/MSP. The system is tested and demonstrated with some pre-defined scenarios. The result shows that our design is superior to other designs for it is easy and cheap to construct and is versatile for various interactive scenarios planning on MAX/MSP.
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