| 摘要: | 1978年12月中共11屆三中全會決議將全黨的工作重點轉移到社會主義現代化建設上，並加強軍事現代化的步驟。1981年6月中共十一屆六中全會選舉鄧小平為中共中央軍委會主席，實施了一連串「精兵政策」，尤其在裁軍、國防工業發展、國防及軍隊現代化有卓著的成效。
本論文以「中共改革後之精兵政策」為主軸，以中共實施「精兵政策」之理論與思想為途徑，並藉由政策分析法和文獻分析法，來處理改革開放後中共實施「精兵政策」的問題。就本論文的架構而言，分為緒論、本論和結論三大部分，本論部份，首先由第貳章中共實施精兵思想理論為依據；爾後，第参章、第肆章及第伍章，藉由文獻及政策分析方法之研究，針對中共在改革開放後實施精兵政策裁軍的動機與成效、國防工業的發展與國防現代的成效。說明在中共「新軍事變革」推動以信息化為核心的「走中國特色的精兵之路」，能打贏高科技下局部戰爭。關於國防現代化方面，除能發展高新武器因應未來戰爭需求外，平時部隊還能投入國家各項經濟建設與搶險就災任務，邁向「全能軍隊」為目標。
最後結論，以中共實施精兵政策對台海及東亞戰略佈局之影響，提供後續研究建議。總言之，中共在改革開放後，以經濟建設為中心，因而實施精兵政策，而裁軍為精兵政策的作為，不會因為中共軍隊的員額大量縮減，而減少戰力。反之，隨之中共經濟壯大後，帶動了國防工業的發展下，新式武器裝備不斷更新，所帶來威脅益增。因此主題為「中共改革開放後之精兵政策研究」。希冀在學術研究上提供參考。
The CPC (Communist Party of China) has worked to focus on the construction of socialist modernization, and strengthen military modernization steps after the Third Plenary Session of 11th CPC Central Committee in December 1978. The Sixth Plenary Session of 11th CPC Central Committee appointed Deng Xiaoping as Chairman of the CPC's Central Military Commission in June 1981. The CPC has implemented a series of streamlining policies, achieving outstanding results in disarmament, defense industry development, national defense and military modernization.
The thesis adopts “ the PLA's(People Liberation Army) Reform Policy After 1978” as an approach, using theories and thoughts behind CPC’s Streamlining Policy as well as policy analysis methodology and literature review to deal with the issue of Streamlining Policy. In terms of structure, this thesis is divided into three major parts: introduction, main body, and conclusion. The main body starts with a discussion of ideas behind the CPC implementation of “Streamlining Policy” in Chapter Two. In Chapters three to five, the focus is on the effectiveness and driving forces of China’s military streamlining following the opening-up policy, defense industry development and defense modernization. These topics are discussed via literature review and policy analysis methodology. What’s at issue is that the PLA is promoting "New Revolution in Military Affairs" and an information technology-based force, characterized as "Pursue the Path of the Fewer but Better Troops with Chinese characteristics," which is capable of wining a local war under high-tech conditions. In respect to the modernization of defense, on top of the development of high-tech weapons to answer future war needs, peacetime tasks such as economic infrastructure construction and disaster search and rescue missions are also high priorities, with the aim to build an "All-Power Military."
The thesis concludes with suggestions for further study regarding the PLA’s impacts on strategic concerns in the Taiwan Strait and East Asia after the implementation of reform policies. In short, the CPC started streamlining military personnel after adopting the reform and opening-up policy, focusing its resources on economic development. The PLA has not become less powerful because of size reduction. Instead, the economic growth drives the defense industry development, resulting in the production of new weapons and the upgrade of existing ones. The threat is increasingly bigger. The thesis is thus entitled “A Study of the PLA's Reform Policy After 1978.” Hopefully, it can become a useful reference for academic studies in the field. |
