我國固有律關於“權留養親”體制之反思

文化大學機構典藏 CCUR > 文學院 > 史學系暨研究所 > 期刊論文 > Item 987654321/19035

請使用永久網址來引用或連結此文件: https://irlib.pccu.edu.tw/handle/987654321/19035

題名:	我國固有律關於“權留養親”體制之反思
作者:	桂齊遜
貢獻者:	史學系
關鍵詞:	固有律唐律權留養親侍親緩刑死刑流刑
日期:	2002-06
上傳時間:	2011-01-25 11:25:49 (UTC+8)
摘要:	我國固有律對於罹犯死刑、流刑等重罪人犯，若其家中尚有待其頤養天年之直系血親，則於律文中特許死刑犯人「侍親緩刑」、流刑犯人「權留養親」，逮及年老之直系血親壽終後，始令罪犯依律服刑，是爲我國固有律關於「權留養親」(或「侍親緩刑」之特殊規範。此制肇始於北魏，大體定型於唐律，嗣後歷代雖略有更改，仍多沿襲唐律之立法精神典立法旨趣，直迄清季。惟諭者以爲，「權留養親」體制投置之目的，在使人子得盡其孝行，實爲曲體人情而設，故此制的存在，適足表現出吾國歷代朝廷的恤刑思想；然反對者卻認爲此制的存在，徒使奸頑之輩得逞其兇殘特性，非所以施仁，適足以長姦，未必屬于國家善政。本文認同「權留養親」並非古法，不過出於人主一時之見，後世遂奉爲成規，蓋欲博寬厚之名耳。即使因其施行久遠，不便率爾去之，亦應修正爲：徒、流等罪犯，許其「權利留養親」，待其親終，仍應責其實服其刑；至若死刑罪犯，則一律不得存養，庶歲於施恩之中，仍不失懲惡之意。雖然民圈以來，由於時移勢易，故此制已不再存在於我國現行法；惟近世其他國家之立法，仍有關於「自由刑之延緩執行」，其精神殆與我國固有律「權留養親」之制頗有類似之處。觀乎此，似乎我國現行法對於我國固有律之傅承，尚有不及他國之處矣。 In the Chinese Traditional Legal System allowed the death penalty prisoners to be released on probation to provide for their parents and the banish penalty prisoners could temporarily stay to provide for his parents. The sentence would not be carried out until the death of the elder parents who the prisoner had to take care of. The system originated from Bei-Wei Dynasty and fell into a pattern until T'ang Law. With slight change in the system, the later dynasties mostly followed the legislation spirit of T'ang Law until the Later Period of Qing Dynasty. With the change in time and policy, the system exists no more when the time of republic comes. According to the commentators, as the purpose of the probation system was to provide for one's parents to take the responsibility of being children, the system completely expressed the concept of leniency in the Traditional China Dynasty. Yet opponents said this only allowed the treacherous to be fierce and cruel. This would not implement the policy of benevolence, but would encourage the fraudulent. This article approves that the probation system wasn't the law of ancient times, but the emperor's personal idea, which was stuck to be a rule by later generations perhaps with the purpose of winning reputation of being generous. Even though, it is followed as a rule for a long time, the revision is necessary. The imprisonment and banish penalty can be served after the death of the elder parents. As for the part of death penalty, it shouldn't be put off. The government should punish those who deserve to be punished, in addition to offering favor.
關聯:	通識研究集刊 1期 P.33-64
顯示於類別:	[史學系暨研究所] 期刊論文

文件中的檔案:

檔案	描述	大小	格式	瀏覽次數
index.html		0Kb	HTML	96	檢視/開啟

在CCUR中所有的資料項目都受到原著作權保護.

資料載入中.....