| 摘要: | 在都市整體環境體系中，氣動流場與人體健康緊密結合。隨著都市化快速擴張的衝 擊下，空氣品質伴隨著整體發展而逐漸惡化，使得都市居住環境逐漸無法承受污染所造 成之衝擊。世界健康組織（World Healthy Organization,WHO）指出空氣污染問題日漸嚴 重。空氣中的污染物質如氮化物、硫化物與懸浮粒子等亦到達危害健康的程度。若是人 們長期活動於堆積的污染物的環境中，會對於身體健康構成潛在的健康災害。因此，本 研究欲針對都市環境中氣動流場進行模擬，並進一步探討都市居住環境安全健康承載的 評估方法。 本研究欲結合地理資訊系統(GIS)與計算流體力學(CFD)發展氣動流場模擬平台，並 以空間統計分析、動態模擬方法、平行計算技術為基礎來進行探討，並以街道環境、交 通路網、建築量體與密度、氣候因素、社會活動等空間資訊進行運算，並加入氣體擴散 模式及時空動態因素，進行居住環境空氣品質安全健康承載評估方法的探討。 首先建構GIS 平台，蒐集都市整體環境之基本資料，如街廓特性、交通流量、土地 使用分區等相關屬性以作為模擬時的資料數據；然後再以空間單元區塊進行CFD 之微 氣候之氣動數值模擬。其步驟包括：一是先設定基本模擬範圍並建立其3D 數位模型； 二是設定相關的環境數值參數進行CFD 模擬；三是以不同面向，如俯視、側視與透視 等觀點，進行空間數值的演算輸出與視覺化模擬；四則以GIS 將基本資料屬性連結空間 環境量體，並結合CFD 模擬結果進行單元空間與整體都市街廓之氣動模擬運算；然後 將所得之模擬結果做為承載力評估的分析探討，最後加入時間的向度探討都市居住環境 安全健康承載的課題與對策。 本研究的具體成果如下：1. 地理資訊系統(GIS)、計算流體力學(CFD)、平行計算技 術之整合。2.CFD 應用於都市環境氣動流場模型之建構。3.都市居住環境安全健康承載 評估方法之擬定。4.動態模擬結合時間與氣動模式的視覺化呈現。5. 都市居住環境安全 健康承載之課題與對策的提出。
In metropolis overall environment system, air flow field and human body health in close integrate with. Along with under the urbanization fast expansion impact, the air quality follows the development but gradually to worsen, causes the metropolis environment gradually to be unable to withstand the pollution to have the impact. The World Healthy Organization (WHO) pointed out the air pollution question is serious day after day. If the people long-term activity to in the pollutant environment which piles up, can regarded the health constitution latent healthy disaster. Therefore, this research wants in view of the metropolis environment in the air flow field to carry on the simulation, and further discusses the metropolis environment security healthy carrying capacity the evaluation method. This research wants to integrate the GIS and CFD to develop the air flow field to simulate the platform, and take the spatial statistical analysis, the dynamic simulation method, the parallel computation technology carries on the discussion as the foundation, and by spatial information and so on street environment, transportation road network, building mass and density, climatic factor, social activity carries on the simulation, and joins the gas diffusion pattern and the spatial-time dynamic factor, carries on the environment air quality security healthy carrying capacity evaluation method the discussion. First constructs the GIS platform, collection metropolis overall environment basic data, like street attributes, traffic flow, land use district by takes when the simulation data; Then carries on CFD again by the spatial unit micro- climate the air flow simulation. Its step includes: One is first establishes the basic simulation scope and establishes its 3D models; Two, establishes the related environment value parameter to carry on the CFD simulation; Three, to differently viewpoints, like overlooks and perspective, carries on the spatial value the calculation output and the vision simulation; Four link by GIS the basic data attributes the spatial environment mass, and integrating the CFD simulation result to carry on the unit space and the whole city streets zone block the air flow simulation; Then the obtained result will do for the supporting environmental carrying capacity analysis discussion, finally will join the time to discuss the metropolis environment security healthy environmental carrying capacity to the topic and the strategy. This research concrete achievement as follows: 1. Geographical Information System (GIS), Computing Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Parallel Computation conformity. 2. CFD applies at the metropolis environment air operated flow field model constructs the construction. 3. The environmental carrying capacity of metropolis environment security healthy appraised the method constructs the construction. 4. The dynamic simulation union time and the air operated pattern vision presents. 5. Proposed topic of and the countermeasure the environmental carrying capacity of metropolis environment security healthy. |
