| 摘要: | 伴隨著都市快速發展與擴張，都市居住環境也承受了越來越大的污染，其中，與人日常生活息息相關的空氣品質，更是首當其衝，面臨嚴重的威脅。世界健康組織（World Healthy Organization,WHO）指出空氣污染問題日漸嚴重。空氣中的污染物質如氮化物、硫化物與懸浮粒子等亦到達危害健康的程度。若是人們長期處於污染環境中，會對於身體健康構成潛在的健康災害。對此，關係都市空氣循環與流動的氣動流場，便成為我們應積極探討，找出舒緩空氣污染的第一步，所以本研究欲針對都市氣動流場，以多主體模擬系統(Multi-agent Based Modeling)進行模擬分析，並以計算流體力學(CFD)比較與驗證其結果。本研究欲以地理資訊系統(GIS)結合多主體模擬系統之NetLogo 發展氣動流場模擬平台，使用空間統計分析、動態模擬方法為基礎來進行探討，以街道環境、交通路網、建築量體與密度、氣候因素、社會活動等空間資訊進行運算，並加入氣體擴散模式及時空動態因素，針對居住環境空氣品質進行模擬，並以CFD 模擬之結果比較探討方法之成效。首先建構GIS 平台，蒐集都市整體環境之基本資料，如街廓特性、交通流量、土地使用分區等相關屬性以作為模擬時的資料數據；然後再分別以空間單元區塊與網格進行 NetLogo 之微氣候氣動數值模擬，最後再與CFD 進行結果與方法的探討。其步驟包括：一是先設定基本模擬範圍並建立其3D 數位模型；二是設定相關的環境數值參數進行 NetLogo 模擬；三是以不同面向，如俯視、側視與透視等觀點，進行空間數值的演算輸出與視覺化模擬；四則以GIS 將基本資料屬性連結空間環境量體，分別結合NetLogo 模擬結果進行單元空間與整體都市街廓之氣動模擬運算；然後將所得之模擬結果與CFD 做比較分析，探討兩系統的優缺點並進一步提出優化方法。本研究的具體成果如下：1. 地理資訊系統(GIS)與多主體模擬系統之NetLogo 模擬技術之整合。2. NetLogo 應用於都市環境氣動流場模型之建構。3.動態模擬結合時間與氣動模式的視覺化呈現。4. NetLogo 與CFD 模擬驗證與比較。
Along with the rapid development and expansion of cities, urban living environment was also under increasing pollution, which was closely related to daily life and air quality, bear the brunt of facing serious threat. World Health Organization (World Healthy Organization, WHO) pointed out that the increasingly serious air pollution problems. Air pollutants such as nitrogen and particulates, such as sulfides also reached the extent of health hazards. If anyone in long-term pollution of the environment will be for the good health and pose a potential health disaster. In this regard, the relationship between urban air circulation and movement of the aerodynamic flow field, has become one of our should actively explore and find the first step to alleviate air pollution, so this study For aerodynamic flow field for the city to multi-agent simulation system (Multi-agent Based Modeling) simulation analysis, and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) compared with the verification of the results. In this study, trying to use geographic information system (GIS) combined with multi-agent simulation system for the development of the aerodynamic flow field NetLogo simulation platform, the use of spatial statistical analysis, dynamic simulation methods to explore the basis for street environment, traffic road network, building the volume of body and density, climatic factors, such as social activities for computing space information, and enter the gas diffusion model and the dynamic factors of time and space for air quality living environment to simulate and compare the results of CFD simulation to explore the effectiveness of methods. First of all, to build GIS platform, the overall environment of the city to collect basic information, such as street block characteristics, traffic, land use zoning and other related attributes as simulation data; then the respective space unit block with the grid for the NetLogo micro-climate aerodynamic simulation, and finally carried out with the CFD results and methods. Its steps are as follows: First, the scope of the first set of basic analog and establish the 3D digital model; Second, set-related environmental parameters NetLogo numerical simulation; three different-oriented, such as looking down, side-looking point of view and perspective, space numerical The calculus of the output and visual simulation; four are the basic information GIS attributes link the space environment, entitled, respectively, combined with simulation results NetLogo unit space and the overall city of aerodynamic simulation street block; and then the simulation results obtained compared with the CFD analysis, to explore the advantages and disadvantages of the two systems and further optimization. The results of this study are as follows: 1. Geographic Information System (GIS) and multi-agent simulation system integration NetLogo simulation technology. 2. NetLogo applies to the urban environment aerodynamic flow field model of construction. 3. Dynamic simulation model combined with aerodynamic visual show. 4. NetLogo with the CFD simulation and comparison. |
